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Global economic integration of the industrial civilization’s development has changed the relationship between man and nature, but also changed the course of cultural development, as well as cultural and geographical environment, in which people live in the relationship between the natural ecological imbalance caused in the same time, it has caused a culture ecological imbalance. In recent years, the state has increased investment in rural economic development, in the rural community to the new building, and, therefore, research and development of traditional, local characteristics, cultures, as well as characteristics of natural and ecological living environment, has an important historical significance.As the part of Chinese traditional settlements, the waterscape of southern Hunan shows their own characteristics through their particular geographic environment and culture. This paper has been selected waterscape system of Banliang village as the research object, which in Yongxing county in Chenzhou city. Waterscape study is built on the morphology and analysis of intent. The village waterscape is make up of Natural water system and Artificial water system, including the following features: Socio-economic activities function, Social and cultural life function, Space organizational function, As a landscape.The waterscape is the result of the role of Natural factors and cultural factors. Natural factors, including climatic conditions, topography, geology and local materials; cultural factors, including blood relations, etiquette, the "Harmony" and geomantic concepts, folk culture, economic and technological factors.In the spatial form, the overall layout of waterscape can be divided into three types of patterns:Grid, L and Bow. The elements include water gap, streams, spring and well, pond, penstock, bridges, tower, patio, etc. The waterscape and the surrounding environment can be combined to three-level form space:open space, semi-open space and closed space. In the landscape characteristics of the analysis, the waterscape can be divided into two venation (transverse and longitudinal) and produced four waterscape center:Jielong Bridge waterscape center, down pond waterscape center, upper pond waterscape center and Leigong spring waterscape center. Through the water body movement and stillness, sound and color the waterscape gives a different psychological feelings, and formed its own unique aesthetic characteristics:into nature, into life and into traditional culture.Through morphology and space analysis, the final conclusion that is:the waterscape of southern Hunan settlement is "Harmony" and the imitation of nature, Harmonious and full of changes, Rich content and into life, Rich changes and distinctive.
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