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Analysis on Risk Factors and Strategies of Preventing and Treating for Hospital-acquired Pneumonia from a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit(NICU)

Author: PangLing
Tutor: SunPingHui
School: Jilin University
Course: Public Health
Keywords: Hospital-acquired pneumonia Neurosurgery ICU Risk Factors Precaution Diagnosis Treatment
CLC: R651
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 121
Quote: 0
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Abstract


Currently nosocomial infection rates remain high among hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) of nosocomial infections in China accounted for the first one , the total ratio of nosocomial infection constitutes about 30%, the mortality rate of 20-50 % , severe HAP dead rate as high as 70%. Neurosurgical intensive care unit (NICU) patients due to its own characteristics and environmental factors coupled with iatrogenic , HAP higher incidence . Therefore, actively explore the causes and mechanisms of HAP to find effective prevention and control measures is very necessary . In this paper, from March 2006 to March 2008 in a three -level hospitals neurosurgical intensive care unit of 721 patients admitted to the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed . In 721 cases of patients, according to China's Ministry of Health issued in 2001 on the diagnostic criteria for nosocomial infections acquired pneumonia diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis HAP 189 cases, accounting for 26.21% of all cases ( 189 / 721 ) . HAP is closely related with the risk factors include: neurosurgery underlying disease type, patient age, state of consciousness perioperative patient , duration of surgery the patient underwent surgery , surgery , average length of stay , NICU hospitalization days , with or without endotracheal intubation and intubation time and other invasive procedures ( tracheotomy, indwelling stomach tube , deep venous catheter ) , whether with perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis irrelevant . Prevent the occurrence of HAP is to improve the prognosis of patients with primary key , should focus its pathogenesis , transmission and risk factors , including improving ICU environment , strict implementation of disinfection and sterilization and isolation system, effectively prevent aspiration and help eliminate respiratory secretions , strict control of adrenal corticosteroids and antacids indications and minimize the use of a variety of invasive procedures and so on. The diagnosis of HAP clear whether the patient has pneumonia and to determine the etiology of pneumonia . Clear clinical diagnosis of HAP HAP pathogens should be based on the current trends and trends in drug resistance early start empirical treatment and to seek information as soon as possible etiology and thus the target treatment. In short, by exploring the causes acquired pneumonia related risk factors , in order to take good preventive measures , timely and accurate diagnosis and appropriate and effective treatment , HAP incidence and mortality will be greatly reduced.

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CLC: > Medicine, health > Surgery > Of surgery > Head and Neurosurgery
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