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Study on Rudimentary Panicle Development and Embryology in ’Nassau’ Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa Pratensis L.)

Author: SuQunDa
Tutor: XuYouMing
School: Huazhong Agricultural University
Course: Botany
Keywords: Kentucky bluegrass ' NSU ' Panicle initiation and development Meiosis Embryology Apomixis
CLC: S688.4
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 39
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Abstract


Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is one of the widely used cool-season turfgrass grass. Panicle initiation and development is an important foundation of the the lawn plant seed yield and quality formation. Embryonic development is an important period in the the angiosperm reproductive growth process directly determines the traits of the embryo and seed setting rate. Kentucky bluegrass 'NSU' ('Nassau') test material, application smear producer law, conventional paraffin Law, ovary overall transparency law, the overall staining laser scanning confocal microscopy, micro- The photographic technology research methods, to carry out the panicle initiation and development and embryological studies provide a scientific basis for Kentucky bluegrass seed production and further improvement of breeding. Kentucky bluegrass 'NSU' panicle initiation and development process includes two aspects: the spike differentiation and pistil and stamen development. The spike differentiation based on morphological changes in the structure is divided into four periods: bud primordium, rachis primordium spikelets and spikelet primordium, pistil and stamen formation. Kentucky bluegrass 'NSU' Anther including 4-layer structure from the outside and within the order of the epidermis, endothecium, middle, velvet carpet. The process of meiosis lagging chromosomes, early separation of homologous chromosomes, chromosome bridges, the unequal split univalents, multivalent anomalies. The same spikelets between anther and the same anther most pollen mother cell meiosis is not synchronous. Meiosis cytokinesis continuous, tetrad symmetrically mature pollen cells. In the development process of the pollen grains were observed Abortion spores. Kentucky bluegrass 'NSU' with the the ovary room; anatropous, lacoste, thick bead heart, Polygonum-shaped embryo sac. Sexual reproduction within the embryo sac four spores arranged in a line the chalazal only a spore-forming spores. Before heading, the two polar nuclei located in the vicinity of the egg. The antipodal cells normally proliferation antipodal cells. Antipodal cells metabolism, dyeing thick, long life, there are still in the original embryo. Pistil and stamen formation and development of young panicle length increased significantly, and eventually up to 120 mm. Meiotic period, the length of the spikelets rapid increase in length of 3.5-3.7mm. Pistil and stamen development upfront with synchronization, stamen development relatively quickly. The tetrad period after the pistil and stamen development progress. Kentucky bluegrass 'NSU' no fusion rate is very high, at 87.6%, almost obligate apomixis. The apomixis the pseudogamy type Apospory. Apospory embryo sac is a the hawkweed type. Multi-embryo sac is more prevalent, the majority of general co-existence of two embryo sac. Part Apospory sac memory anomalies, such as the location and polarity of the egg in the egg and help cells occurred changes; the antipodal cells before flowering degradation; polar nuclei in the embryo sac-like multi-core structure, these abnormal embryos capsule accounted for 3.9%. Kentucky bluegrass 'NSU' Apospory the embryo sac Proembryos occur from time to rely on fertilization, spontaneous formed. The probability of occurrence of the original embryo was 85.8%, with no fusion rate is very close to. The double embryo is more common, and are generally located in the hole end. Embryogenesis multi-source. Endosperm formation of a non-spontaneous, endosperm karyotype. During embryonic development in the ovary empty Cotyledons room and other anomalies.

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Gardening > Ornamental Horticulture ( flowers and ornamental trees) > Garden Plant Cultivation and application technology > Lawns and ground cover plants
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