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Literature review on the basis of ecological environmental geochemistry, environmental quality assessment and heavy metal pollution study, Taiyuan basin area survey of the soil and the of Taiyuan soil single point-like cross-sectional samples of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead ( Pb), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and eight heavy metals concentrations in the test data for statistical analysis, to study the distribution characteristics of heavy metal elements, calculated background values ??of heavy metals in soils of Taiyuan Basin, the single factor index of quality evaluation model, and the composite index of quality evaluation model Taiyuan soil heavy metal elements single factor pollution and integrated pollution evaluation, and application of factor analysis research Taiyuan soil heavy metals pollution types and sources of pollution, proposed targeted governance proposals and measures. Taiyuan Basin, the spatial distribution of deep soil heavy metals with inhomogeneities, the basin element content of deep soil change for many reasons, but the main controlling factors Taiyuan basin tectonic rift. The surface soil of heavy metals distribution showed a strong deep inheritance, and compared to the deep soil, heavy metal elements generally enriched. Taiyuan topsoil heavy metal enrichment is higher, and over time, the degree of enrichment has been increasing trend, showing the spatial distribution urban than suburban, urban distribution pattern of the south than the north. The the Taiyuan Basin Hg, Cd, Pb, As, Cu, Cr, Ni and Zn in the background of the eight heavy elements were 0.021,0.105,19.76,10.51,21.22,65,28.05 and 60.2mg/kg. Taiyuan soil heavy metals in addition to As, Ni, most topsoil there is a certain degree of enrichment, and varying degrees of pollution. , Hg pollution is the most serious, severe pollution in the area of ??21%, severe pollution in an area of ??28.6%; Cd, Pb followed. The integrated pollution status quo can not be ignored, moderately polluted area of ??11.69%, the serious pollution of the area of ??13.85%. Cause the Taiyuan soil heavy metals pollution mainly due to industrial pollution, pollution from coal burning, vehicle exhaust emissions, such as the Hg pollution comes mainly from coal-fired pollution, industrial pollution is also an important reason, Cd and Pb pollution emissions from vehicle exhaust and industrial emissions pollution prevention lies in industrial pollution control and energy structure adjustment. This paper draws heavy metal pollution evaluation results with Taiyuan actual situation is very close, which shows that the evaluation method is simple yet has a strong practical, should be widely applied. Factor analysis results fully reflect the Taiyuan as a typical heavy chemical industry base and the characteristics of the coal city pollution, which also proved that the method is to analyze the sources of pollutants a scientific and rational method.
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