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Research on the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Job Performance of Employees in Hotels

Author: FuLi
Tutor: TangFei
School: Dongbei University of Finance
Course: Tourism Management
Keywords: hotel employee psychological capital job performance
CLC: F719
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 228
Quote: 0
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Abstract


As for the increasingly fierce competition in hospitality industry, those competitive advantages brought by conventional resources are becoming weaker and weaker and managers have to look for new ways to compete. The concept of psychological capital provides us a new view—we can work out the company’s overall human resource strategy on the basis of the actual level of the psychological capital of our employees. And we will have reasonable human resource structure, distinct competitive advantage and lone-term interest.Researchers at home and abroad have been studying on job performance for years. Now it is widely believed that personal abilities, cognition level and behavioral process all have influence on job performance. In a manner of speaking, reserachers have already deeply researched job performance. By contrast, psychological capital needs more researches. People began the study on psychological capital at the beginning of this century. Nowadays, people still concentrate on the researches on the concept and structure of psychological capital. There are few researches on the relationship between psychological capital and other variables. In a word, there are still many respects we have to study and discuss.This paper tries to find the relationship between psychological capital and job performance through empirical research. Firstly, I made clear the general background information and research contents of this paper through reading lots of documents at home and abroad. Secondly, I started the study design and then made hypothesis—psychological capital has influence on job performance of hotel employees, and job performance also has clear influence on psychological capital. Thirdly, I used SPSS 16.0 to analyze and process data once I finished the work of data collection. Finally, I verified the hypothesis and got conclusions as follows:(1) Psychological capital has influence on job performance of hotel employees. But the 4 factors of psychological capital have different influence on the 2 factors of job performance. The level of optimistism has no inflience on task performance, but other 3 factors all have clear influence on the 2 factors of job performance. (2)Job performance also has influence on psychological capital, but there are several differences in relationship between different factors. Task performance has influence on the level of confidence and hope, but it doesn’t have influence on the other 2 factors of psychological capital. Contextual performance has influence on the level of confidence, optimistism and resilience but hope.(3) Variance analysis shows that sex has no clear influence on psychological capital or job performance. Employees aged under 25 have lower task performance than those who are 26 to 30 years old. Those who are 21 to 25 years old have lower contextual performance than those who are 26 to 30 years old. Those who are under 20 have lower level of confidence than other employees, and they also have lower level of resilience than those who are 26 to 30 years old. Educational level also has realitionship with psychological capital and job performance. Employees who have lower educational level often have lower contextual performance, confidence and resilience than those who have higher educational level. Workers in front office department have much higher contextual performance than workers in food and beverage department. And people who have been working in the hotel less than 1 year have lower level of optimistism than those who have been working here more than 3 years.Then some suggestions are brought up for the human resource management of hotels from the aspects of confidence, hope, optimistism and resilience.Through the above research, this paper will complement the researches on psychological capital and its relationship with job performance. In addition, this paper also have some practice significance in human resource management of hospitality industry.

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