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This thesis studied the species composition of the communities that involve Cephalotaxus fortunei population, biomass of Cephalotaxus fortunei tree, growth of Cephalotaxus fortunei and it’s regeneration using community ecology and population ecology methods. The purpose is to reveal biological and ecological characteristics of Cephalotaxus fortunei systematically. The investigations are mailyly carried out in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest of Jiangxi province tropical evergreen broad-leaved forest of Fujian province. The major results are as follows:(1) There are similar number of species in different locations. The dominant tree species in the communities are Platycarya strobilacea., Rhododendron latoucheae , Eurya japonica, Machilus thunbergii, E. loquiana, Alniphyllum fortunei, Phoebe sheareri, Lithocarpus glabra, Cornus macrophylla, Cryptomeria fortunei, Camptotheca acuminata, Taxus media. The dominant shrub species in the communities are of Machilus thunbergii, Dalbergia hupEhana, Acer davidii, Camellia oleifera, Phoebe sheareri Smilax china and Spiraea salicifolia. These populations are all of tropic or sub-tropical flora.This result indicates that Cephalotaxus fortunei is also a tropic or sub-tropical tree species.(2) The Shannon-wiener index of the communities in relevant to Cephalotaxus fortunei range from 3.3 to 3.8, which is relatively less than that of the typical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests.(3) The ecological niche of Cephalotaxus fortunei population is less than most other populations in the same communities. It indicates that the capability of this species in resource use is limited. The speices that have higher niche overlap with Cephalotaxus fortunei are Smilax china, Machilus thunbergii, Dalbergia hupEhana, Rhododendron latoucheae, E. loquiana, Camellia oleifera, Cyperus Linn and Lepisorus thunbergianus. .(4) The species have negative association with Cephalotaxus fortunei are Illicium lanceolatum , Ficus formosana, Cyperus Linn while following population are positive: Spiraea salicifolia, Taxus media, Acer davidii. There are negetive covariation between Cephalotaxus fortunei and following species: Lophatherum gracile, Dalbergia hupEhana,
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