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Water resources are the basic natural resources,it is the controlling factor in the ecological environment, but also a strategic economic resources, it is a country’s comprehensive national strength, an important component. In the 20th century, mankind had a large-scale water conservancy construction to develop the use of water resources, it has made tremendous achievements. But the population explosion, rapid economic development and water resources development and utilization of irrational, so that the world is facing a water shortage crisis and the resulting ecological crisis, the status quo of water resources has hindered the sustained and rapid economic development, and threat to human survival. Kunming is one of the cities of China’s severe water shortage facing resource-based and water quality in the dual crisis of water shortage. Therefore, the study of Kunming’s water resources carrying capacity, in order to Kunming, a scientific and rational development and utilization of water resources to develop long-term planning to provide reference basis for resolving the problems besetting Kunming shortage of water resources for sustainable development of great significance.In this paper, first of all water resources in the context of sustainable development principles to the concept, connotation and characteristics of research, pointing out that China’s current water shortage facing the grim situation and the importance of water resource carrying capacity. Then, in a large number of the collection, collation and analysis of information, based on an overview of domestic and foreign water resources carrying capacity study of the history and current situation, analysis of water resources carrying capacity study of the origin, purpose and methods.Then, comparative analysis can be used to study water resources carrying capacity evaluation index system, multi-objective analysis of decision-making method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, principal component analysis and system dynamics methods, the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of several methods to determine this paper Research methods used in system dynamics. On system dynamics study of the relevant theory, based on system dynamics modeling in accordance with the principles and steps, guided by the principles of sustainable development, using Vensim simulation software dedicated to water resources of socio-economic—environment for this complex population system modeling.Then, research Kunming region, water resources, population, socio-economic and environmental information, and combine central Yunnan water diversion project, sub-water transfer project is not implemented central Yunnan and implementation of central Yunnan water diversion project uses two kinds of programs have been established water quality model Kunming’s water resources carrying capacity of the dynamic simulation, and analysis of simulation results predict that two kinds of water diversion program in Kunming area water bearing capacity of the different effects.Finally, according to the results of research in order to safeguard the sustainable use of water resources in Kunming to achieve sustainable socio-economic development, rational exploitation and utilization of water resources in Kunming, put forward their own proposals and summarizes the results of research in this paper and weaknesses of Department.
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