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The plants in Fritillaria L. are a kind of well-known bulb flowers in the world ,which both have important medical and ornamental value. The genus Fritillaria L. are distributing in the Northern Hemisphere abroad, for example Europe, Asia and the North America, little are distributing in Africa. So far, some works have been done on the medicine, cytology, molecule, physiology and morphology of the Fritillaria L. from Anhui province by former researchers, but the most works were done on the F. anhuiensis, the studies on the other species were few, so there are prodigious disputes remained on the systematic studies of Fritillaria L..The detailed studies was made in this paper, through the micmorphology characters of the leaf LM and SEM Scaning and the pollen SEM Scaning, karyotype analysis, and field investigation on the materials which including 8 species and 1 variety of the genus Fritillaria L.distrubuted in Anhui province.Which can afford some basic scientific data for the discussion on the systematic relationships of Fritillaria L. and further explotion and ultilization of the Fritillaria L. resources in Anhui. Moreover, this paper has found more differences not only between different species of the Fritillaria L. but also between different population of the species F. anhuiensis in Anhui. The research results as follows:1.Some characters of the leaf epidermis such as shape of surface cells or pattern of anticlinal , inner margin of outer stomatal rim size, cuticular membrance ,the cell wall etc, all showed more or less differences among the species. Those characters provided experimental evidences on the pharacognostical identification, division of species and systematic evolution relationships of Fritillaria L..2.The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of seven species of the Fritillaria L. from Anhui province are studied in this paper. Except two cytotypes of the F. xiaobeimu, belonging to“3C”, the karyotypes of the other species belonging to“3B”. The karyotypes and chromosome numbers of the F. huangshanensis and F. monantha from Anhui in this paper are studied for
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