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Saponins is one of the active ingredients in bitter melon , domestic and international studies have shown that saponins have hypoglycemic , anti-tumor , improve immune , antibacterial , anti-inflammatory role . In this thesis, bitter gourd powder through the improvement and optimization of extraction, purification process to extract from bitter melon powder the purified high purity bitter gourd total saponins research objectives ; antibacterial and saponins do discussed. Firstly, the main component of the bitter gourd powder analysis , the total sugar content of 43.55% , 2.52% ash , 22.72% of the total protein , moisture 11.20% , fat 7.42% , other 12.59% . The ginsenoside Rb1 standard using colorimetric method for quantitative determination of saponins TLC foam test , acetic anhydride - sulfuric acid reaction method for qualitative detection of saponins . Improvements on the basis of other extraction methods , the first of a new extraction methods - Temperature column extraction method, by comparison with the commonly used heating reflux extraction method results show that: under the same process conditions , temperature control column extraction method mention the saponins take rate of 4.13% ; heating reflux method was 3.36% higher than under the same conditions . Proof temperature control column extraction method is a time-saving , a small amount of solvent extraction efficiency of new extraction methods . And further use of the orthogonal experiment , the center combination test for temperature control column to further optimize the extraction process using SAS , Matlab software on the results of analysis , the optimum extraction conditions , the rate increased to 4.30% . Comparison of eight macroporous adsorption resin filter out effectively purified saponins resin ADS-7, better than the AB-8 resin is commonly used for the purification of saponins substances . And further study of the ADS-7 the purified saponins process conditions; ultimately available content of 78.5% of the total saponins pale yellow bitter gourd powder , real recovery of 92.40% . Silica gel column to its further purification , purity 93.2% , the recovery rate of 88.9% . The antibacterial activity of saponins . The tests showed that the saponins is a broad-spectrum antibacterial substances of some Gram-negative bacteria , Gram-positive bacteria , bacteria, bacteria have certain inhibition ; same time , the tests showed better stability saponins , deactivating heat treatment , ultraviolet treatment , a high salt concentration , and certain acidic conditions .
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