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Study on Properties of PC/PS Composites Modified by Nano-TiO2/SiO2 Particles

Author: WangYingHua
Tutor: XuBingShe；WeiLiQiao
School: Taiyuan University of Technology
Course: Materials Science
Keywords: polycarbonate polystyrene Nano-TiO2/SiO2 optical performance mechanical properties
CLC: TB383.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 59
Quote: 0
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Abstract


Polycarbonate(PC) has many excellent mechanical properties, such as excellent impact resistance, high tensile strength and bending strength, high compressive strength; small creep, size stability, good heat resistance and low temperature resistance. The lens and other optical devices made of PC are deformation and temperature-resistant. However, PC suffers easy stress cracking, bad weather resistance and poor abrasion resistance. In order to take advantage of the high performance of PC in its broad application to optical-grade transparent materials, polycarbonate(PC)/polystyrene(PS) were took as matrix to combine with SiO2-modified nano-TiO2 prepared using Sol-Gel method. The splines were obtained by injection molding and used for performance test. The equally transparent PS was added to PC to improve its toughness, at the same time SiO2-coated TiO2 was added to the PC/PS composite to improve the wear resistance and lightfastness, and at last a new type of polycarbonate product, namely, polycarbonate plastic material, was prepared. Compared with previous transparent materials, the PC composite was a plastic alloy rather than pure plastic, which combined the advantages of two kinds of plastic, and made up for each other’s limitation. Its comprehensive performance, in particular, heat-resistant performance was better than that of previous packaging materials, and its molding process was simpler and more practical. Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetry (TG) and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microsc-opy (HRTEM) were used to characterize the composites. The results showthat:(1) The formation of Ti-O-Si bond in SiO2-coated TiO2 indicated the chemical bonding of SiO2 on the surface of TiO2;(2) The dispersion of TiO2 was improved after SiO2 coating. The particle size became larger. The diameter of Na2SiO3-coated TiO2 particle was about 30-60nm, with a thickness of coating layer about 10nm, and that of tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)-coated TiO2 particles was about 20-40nm, with a thickness of coating layer 5-20nm. Na2SiO3 had better coating effect than TEOS.(3) The photocatalytic activity of coated TiO2 was improved. The absorbance of TiO2 decreased from 1.10 to 0.61 after TEOS coating and to 0.40 after Na2SiO3 coating. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 coated by Na2SiO3 was higher than that by TEOS.(4) Nano-TiO2/SiO2 particles played the role of cross-linking into PC/PS matrix, and prevented the diffusion and evolution of the small molecules generated from thermal decomposition of matrix. PC/PS composities with 1% nano-TiO2/SiO2 particles had the highest thermal decomposition temperature (530℃).(5) The particle size of nano-TiO2/SiO2 particles with content of 1% in PC/PS matrix was about 20-60nm, the particles dispersed uniformly in the continuous phase PC and PS, and had no obvious aggregation.(6) The transmittance of PC/PS composites with 0.5% nano-TiO2/SiO2 particles was 64%.

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