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Biodiesel Byproduct Glycerol Dehydration to Propylene Glycol

Author: HuangYongHong
Tutor: MaZhi
School: Tianjin University
Course: Industrial Catalysis
Keywords: Glycerin Dehydration Propylene glycol Biodiesel Catalytic chemical Aqueous media
CLC: TQ223.162
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 89
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Abstract

With the dwindling reserves of coal, oil and other fossil energy and the increasingly serious pollution caused by wind, solar, biomass and other clean renewable energy more attentions. Especially biodiesel with its low emissions, and can be directly applied to existing diesel engines and favored. But the more in-depth research of biodiesel and biodiesel production increased, its by-product - glycerol yield (calculated at 10% of the production of bio-diesel) also increased dramatically. The accumulation of a large number of by-product glycerol has become a bottleneck restricting the development of bio-diesel energy. Therefore, the development of the efficient use of such glycerol has become one of the hot topics in the current. In this thesis, the distribution pattern of the glycerol dehydration reaction product in the case of high-temperature water exists. Explored in the high temperature and presence of water, glycerol, through dehydration reaction to generate the possibility of propylene glycol. The study found that: 1) the presence of high-temperature water, glycerol dehydration direct synthesis of propylene glycol. The discovery of this phenomenon, and shows that the production of the propylene glycol will be a new process routes. 2) in a single reaction, propylene glycol maximum effective yield of 89.31%. In this case, the corresponding experimental conditions: high temperature water of 280 ° C, 5% wt trifluoromethanesulfonate, indium, and 5% wt aqueous glycerol solution reaction 7 ~~ 8min. 3) When the copper-based material as a catalyst for the above reaction, the yield of propylene glycol with the catalyst corresponding laws: the copper triflate GT; copper sulfate gt; the copper nitrate gt; copper oxide / chromium oxide. The study found that the type and state of the ion has an important influence on the glycol yield; further study found that not only dianions species affects the reaction, the kind of the cation is also an important impact on the reaction, i.e. trifluoromethanesulfonate indium The catalytic effect on copper triflate. 4) The content of the catalyst in the reaction will affect the reaction conversion rate and selectivity. General increase in catalyst content, the reaction conversion rate is also increased, and propylene glycol selectivity, but the catalyst content is too high, the reaction time is too long, it will also increase the occurrence of side reactions, and further decomposition of propylene glycol. Therefore, the catalyst content should be optimized depending on the reaction time. 5) The reaction temperature and reaction time will also affect the conversion and selectivity of the reaction. Test, the reaction temperature is too high there will be severe coking phenomenon, reduce the conversion rate of propylene glycol. The reaction time is too long to increase the incidence of side effects, and also make propylene glycol decomposition. The phenomenon and the results of these studies will provide the basis for the comprehensive utilization of glycerol and propylene glycol new production process of exploration and development.

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