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For the protection and rational utilization of local goat breeds genetic resources to provide the theoretical basis of the study of nine local goat breeds in Xinjiang goat, the Qaidam goat Shaannan white goat, Hexi cashmere goats, Fengqing hornless black goat, Longling goats, the of Maguan hornless goat, Jianchang black goat, plate angle goats, Boer goats, an introduced species as the research object, refer to the International Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) jointly recommended primer, select 10 microsatellite primer: INRA023 INRA063 INRABERN185 P19 (DYA), SRCRSP9 SRCRSP23. TCRVB6, OarAE54, ETH10, SRCRSP3 to ABI3130XL fully automatic gene analyzer as a platform, and fluorescence - multiplex PCR technology, 447 individuals for testing. The results are as follows: (1) in 10 microsatellite loci were detected 119 alleles, an average of 13.7 alleles per locus, the largest number of alleles TCRVB6 seat 19, ETH10 seat number of alleles at least six the number of alleles for the remaining seats in the 11 to 18 seat effective allele number in between 1.4641-9.2911; see from the variety, the average allele of the Boer goat 4.6, higher than average number of alleles of most of the local goat breeds Boer goat, only Fengqing hornless black goat relatively small number of alleles. (2) 10 goat breeds in 10 microsatellite loci, average expected heterozygosity was 0.5128 to 0.6912, observed heterozygosity from 0.4224 to 0.6929, and polymorphic information content of 0.4730-0.6716 10 microsatellite loci in a polymorphic loci are low, one is moderately polymorphic loci are highly polymorphic loci 8 goats can be used for genetic diversity analysis. (3) between 9 local goat breeds and one introduced species are very different, the genetic distance between the larger. Landrace genetic distance between each other is relatively small (DA = 0.0750 ~ 0.3972, DS = 0.0297 ~ 0.5771) minimum Hexi cashmere goats and goats between Xinjiang's genetic distance (DA = 0.0750, DS = 0.0297), the introduction of varieties genetic distance between the Boer goat and local goat breeds (DA = 0.3458 ~ 0.6340, DS = 0.4008-1.1549). (4) comprehensive NJ / UPGMA dendrogram, principal component analysis and STRUCTURE results, show that 10 of the study goat breeds can be divided into four categories: Xinjiang goat, the Qaidam goat, Shaannan white goat, Hexi cashmere goats and phoenix celebrate hornless black goat of the first class; the Longling goat Maguan hornless goat, Jianchang black goat 1I; the plate angle goat 1II; introduced species Boer goat Ⅳ. Results consistent with the origin of species, breeding history and geographical distribution of basic.
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