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Bisporus artificial cultivation in the world's most widely used, the total output of the highest consumption of grass rot edible fungi, total output accounts for about 25% of the total production of edible fungi in the world. Bisporus production accounts for about 50% of world production, exports accounted for 70% of the world, is the world's largest production, processing and exporting countries. Bisporus production based on the family workshops small-scale seasonal pattern, this cultivated by the seasonal influence, the technology is not standardized, low-yield, straw utilization rate is not high. Agaricus to to regulate mushroom cultivation, to promote the utilization of bisporus cultivation matrix degradation, improve production, angle of departure from bisporus straw bio-degradable, and to carry out the following four aspects: 1. Efficient degradation of straw mushroom strain screening by Bavendamm tablet and RB bright blue tablet color test to determine the initial AS2796 and A5, compared to the three strains of Ar, Az and A3, higher laccase and peroxidase activity; further by discoloration the circle and degradation test, showed that AS2796 and A3 selective degradation of cellulose strains, other selective degradation of lignin strains AS2796 lignin degradation rate is five kinds of bacteria in the highest, 39.82%, followed by the A5, but only 20.91%, indicating that the bacteria whether there is no direct correlation between the selective degradation of their degradation rate of lignin; Both holocellulose degradation are 5.30%, according to choose the efficient biodegradation strains principle, therefore choose AS2796 bisporus cultivation strains. Bisporus efficient cultivation culture formulations optimized field cultivation experiment bisporus N ratio respectively 31.9,35.6,28.2 and 24.8 of the four cultivation recipe. The results show that the formula one than in the other three planting recipe bisporus mycelium covered material shortest time, obtained the highest yield of Agaricus bisporus, bisporus cultivation recipe. 3. Efficient cultivation straw degradation using regular straw compost fermentation stage, only half of the cellulose degradation, degradation rate of 20.00%, accounting for about half of the total degradation rate; mycelial growth stage, cellulose starts to degrade, amount of degradation of 16.67%, hemicellulose small amount of degradation, the degradation rate of 6.67%; fruiting stage, lignin occurs a lot of degradation, degradation rate of 62.50%, cellulose degradation was 33.33%, corresponding to HC , CMC and LAC enzyme activity has also undergone a corresponding change. That after the end of the Agaricus mushroom cultivation, culture medium straw lignin has been a lot of degradation, the degradation of cellulose is about 50.00%, left in the cellulose content of 50.00% in the matrix, so scraps can consider the use as feed and fertilizers. Straw lignin degradation process efficient cultivation preliminary structural analysis by comparing the blank straw like compost end of the straw-like hair straw like structure infrared absorption spectrum of the bacteria stage and fruiting stage, the results show that, compost the stages, straw lignin composite structure occurs only a certain degree of looseness; hypha stage, straw lignin cellulose and hemicellulose in the composite body a certain degradation occurred, this time the infrared spectrum of the straw-like structure in the polysaccharide substance (894cm-1 ) of the absorption peak was significantly enhanced, indicating that the degradable substances mainly polysaccharide; fruiting stage, straw composite body in the lignin has been largely degradation, degradation products, carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a benzene ring and A main group, indicating that the degradation of lignin occurs mainly the oxidative cleavage of the side chain Cα-Cβ bond, as well as fracture of the monomer with keys α-O-4 and β-O-4, the fracture after the formation of lignin-like monomer the structure, and then the side chain through oxidative decarboxylation reaction, and methoxy substituted reaction, the next is a benzene ring-opening to generate a cyclic ether structure, and finally generate chain hydrocarbon.
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