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Destination dexamethasone has been widely used in the treatment of infants and young children with bronchiolitis, but its efficacy and safety is still some controversy. The purpose of this study is to systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of treatment of infant bronchiolitis dexamethasone. Method to retrieve the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, 8 (2010), Free Medline (1966-2010.8), EMbase (1974-2010.8), Chinese Academy of Sciences database CNKI (1994-2010.8), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database CBM (1978-2010.8), Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database VIP (1989-2010.8), digitization of the Chinese Medical Association journals library (1998-2010.8) database. Included in all dexamethasone treatment the infant bronchiolitis randomized controlled trials, regardless of whether the allocation concealment or blinded. In accordance with the method recommended by the Cochrane Handbook 5.0.2 Manual by two researchers independently extracted the following information: Basic information included in the trial, two groups of children with baseline data; interventions, outcome measure, lost its processing method . From the random method is correct or sufficient, whether correct or adequate allocation concealment, the blinded research participants, whether incomplete data reports and whether by intention analysis, selective reporting of research results and other bias aspect, a rigorous assessment of the methodological quality of included in all studies. The research results recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration RevMan5.0.1 software Meta-analysis, main sentenced efficiency indicators include: hospitalization time, hospitalization rates, clinical score (after the first dose of treatment at 4 hours, 1 day, 3 days evaluation) secondary sentenced efficiency indicators include: emergency department re-attendance rate, secondary hospitalization rates, side effects. The results based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study included in a total of eight randomized controlled studies (RCTs) including 1149 cases were a total of 590 cases in which the dexamethasone group, a total of 599 cases of the placebo group. Meta-analysis results showed that: compared with the placebo group, dexamethasone group of children in hospitalization time, hospitalization rates, emergency department attendance rates again and again, the hospitalization rate, though lower than the placebo group of children, but the two groups no significant difference between In the the data combined analysis of hospital stay, due to the inclusion of the institutes used different units, so the use of a standard mean difference (SMD) to merge the data, but in view of the SMD units combined effect size, so sensitive The analysis found that dexamethasone group and the placebo group were still no difference in hospitalization time was statistically significant. Changes in the clinical score also true, that the the dexamethasone group of children in the four hours after the first treatment, 24 hours and 3 days after the clinical score with placebo in children, no statistically significant difference. Although the three RCTs studies reported the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, occult blood positive and vomiting, but no significant differences between dexamethasone and placebo groups. Conclusion The results showed that compared with placebo, dexamethasone is not yet effectively reduce children's hospitalization time, hospitalization rates, attendance rates again, re-hospitalization rates and four hours after the first dose given 1 day and 3-day clinical score . Therefore, based on current evidence, still can not recommend dexamethasone in clinical widely used, its exact efficacy and safety is still needed to further validate the higher level of evidence.
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