Dissertation > Excellent graduate degree dissertation topics show

Calcium Phosphate and Titanium Dioxide （tiO2 ） Nanoparticles Affected Hormone Production and Cell Cycle in `granulosa Cells

Author: LiuXiaoHui
Tutor: LiuJiaYin；CuiZuoGui
School: Nanjing Medical University
Course: Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Keywords: Titanium dioxide （TiO2） Calcium phosphate nanoparticles Nanoparticles Female mice Reproductive system Nanotoxicity Flow Cytometry Transmission Electron Microscopy Steroidogenesis Steroidogenesis enzyme
CLC: R114
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 17
Quote: 0
Read: Download Dissertation

Abstract


Objectives: Many studies had shown that nanoparticles affects the reproductive health of wildlife and possibly of humans. In this study, we had investigated in vivo the effects of titanium dioxide （TiO2） nanoparticles on the main organs of female mice, especially on female reproductive gland., and the toxicity of calcium phosphate and TiO2 nanoparticles in human luteinized granulosa cells were evaluate.Methods:Female mice, aged 5 weeks, were intraperitoneally injected with 200 or 500 mg/kg of titanium dioxide （TiO2） nanoparticles, respectively, every other day for 5 times. Control group was injected equal volume of saline. After one week of treatment, the coefficients of organs were measured ; serum biochemical parameters and gonadal hormone （E2 and P） were tested. Histology of main organs of mice were observed.Human’s luteinized granulosa cells were exposed to different concentrations of calcium phosphate nanoparticles or TiO2 nanoparticles for 72h. Calcium phosphate’s or TiO2 nanoparticles’s uptake was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. The cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry with propidium iodide-stained （distribution of cells in G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases）. The patterns of cell death （necrosis and apoptosis） were analyzed with annexin V-FITC/PI staining. P450scc mRNA, P450arom mRNA and StAR mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR , and progesterone and estradiol levels were examined by radioimmunoassay kits.Results:Compared with control group, the coefficients of main organs were not significantly changed in both doses of 200 mg/kg group and 500 mg/kg of TiO2 . The changes of serum ALT/AST ratio in the two treated groups （P<0.05）, suggesting the small hepatic injury after treatment with TiO2 nanoparticles. UA level in 500 mg/kg group raised significantly （P<0.05）, showing that TiO2 nanoparticles had small nephrotoxicity if treated with larger dosage. The significant change of serum alpha-HBDH in 500 mg/kg groups （P<0.05） suggested the limited myocardial damage compared with the control group. However, there were no significant histological changes in main organs, including ovary and uterus. Levels of E2 and P were not significantly changed in two doses of TiO2 nanoparticles . TEM results confirmed that calcium phosphate nanoparticles were able to enter into human luteinized granulose cells, and distribute in the cytoplasm and intracellular vesicles under electronic microscop. An increased percentage of S phase cells cultured with nanoparticles indicated that there was an arrest at the checkpoint from phase S-to-G2/M （from 6.28±1.55% to 11.18±1.73%,P< 0.05）, while a increase in the S/（G2/M） ratio implied inhibition of DNA synthesis or impairment in the transition or the S progression stage. The apoptosis study showed that the mean apoptotic population of human luteinized granulosa cells was 11.18±1.73%, however, the apoptotic population increased to 16.53±5.56%（P<0.05）in the cells treated with 100μmol/L calcium phosphate nanoparticles for 48 h . The results showed that the apoptotic population of cells increased from 5.69±3.64% to 15.76±7.02%（P<0.05）in the cells exposed to 100uM calcium phosphate nanoparticles for 72h . The apoptotic population increased from 14.51±7.10% to 27.78±15.48%（P<0.05）in the cells treated with 200μg/ml TiO2 nanoparticles for 48 h ; while from 10.51±0 .66% to 19.21±7.54%（P<0.05）for 72h。Treatment of human luteinized granulosa cells with calcium phosphate nanoparticles at concentrations of 10μmol/L to 100μmol/L did not caused any changes in progesterone and estradiol levels, neither to P450scc mRNA, P450arom mRNA and StAR mRNA expression after a 48h or 72h incubation period. The granulosa cells treated with TiO2 nanoparticles had the same results.Conclusions:There were slight damage in the function of liver , kidneys and heart of mice that treated with large dose of TiO2 nanoparticles. However, there are no significant effect on the levels of E2 and P and histology of mice ovary, when treated with two doses of TiO2 nanoparticles. In conclusion, TiO2 nanoparticles under 500 mg/kg dose might be safe for female reproductive system. These results in vitro suggest that calcium phosphate and TiO2 nanoparticles may slightly interrupt ovarian granulosa cells by interfering cell cycle and increasing cells apoptosis.

Related Dissertations

  1. Ultrastructural Observations on the Ciliature and Organelle of Diaxonella Trimarginata (Ciliaphora: Hypotrichida),Q954.4
  2. Preparation and Characterization of Nanometer Alumina Membrane,TB383
  3. Effects of Phoxim and Fenvalerate on Steroidogenesis in Primary Cultured Rat Granulosa Cells in Vitro,R114
  4. Study on the Effects of COXⅦa on Partial Androgen Deficiency Syndrome of the Aging Male Rats and Its Mechansim,R346
  5. Environmental endocrine disruptors preliminary study of the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome,R711.75
  6. Carbaryl ovarian steroid hormone synthesis,R114
  7. Effect of MEHP on the Steroidogenesis in Leydig Cells and Its Mechanism,R114
  8. Relationship between Changes of Steroidogenesis Enzymes and Related Hormone Reseptors Gene Expression and Follicular Atresia of Swine,S828
  9. The Effect of VPA on Women Steroid Production System,R711.75
  10. Research on Preparation and Mechanismof Bamboo-Structured Carbon Nanotube,TB383
  11. The Study on the Expression of Desmoglein 1(DSG1) in Olk and Oscc,R739.8
  12. Coal-based Nano Onion-like Fullerenes Synthesis,O613.71
  13. Biocompatibility Evaluation of the Four Kinds of Bone-rehabilitate Biomaterial in Vitro,R318.08
  14. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Thin Films,TB383.2
  15. Mass Production of Carbon Nanotubes in Flames,TB383.1
  16. Development of Fruit Emulsification Flavor,TS264.3
  17. The Study of Derivation from Bone Marrow Stem Cells of Adult into a Cardiomyocyte Cells in Vitro,R329.2
  18. The Serological Detection and PCR Identification of Goat Poxvirus,S854.43
  19. Investigation on Preparation and Electromagnetic Characteristics of Nano Onion-like Fullerenes,TB383.1
  20. Synthesis of Nano Onion-Like Fullerenes under Plasma Conditions,TB383.1

CLC: > Medicine, health > Preventive Medicine,Health > Health - basic science > Health Toxicology
© 2012 www.DissertationTopic.Net  Mobile