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Preface male-specific Y chromosome, and follow the paternal law of sex-linked genetic. DNA sequences in the Y chromosome non-recombinant region (NRY) cells does not occur in the exchange reorganization during mitosis, haploid no difference from father to son (mutations except). These features make the NRY region polymorphism genetic markers of the Y chromosome DNA analysis is an irreplaceable important role in many areas. Applied to sex crimes the mixed spot (semen and vaginal fluid) the men personally identifiable case in the field of forensic science, free from the female DNA interference and can clearly detect male genetic marker type Y chromosome; applied to the case of paternity testing, DNA analysis, if the mother's side of genetic information can not be obtained, and will not affect the outcome, because the son of Y chromosome NRY region sequences only from the father, even assuming that the parent information can not be obtained, and assumes that the parent has the kinship of the male line with the same male theoretically the Y chromosome, it assumes that the parent brothers, tert nephew can paternity test alternative assumptions parent. Short tandem repeat (STR) is a polymorphic genetic markers of the Y chromosome NRY area, also known as microsatellites. Compared with other genetic markers, Y-STR has many advantages, is becoming a Y chromosome genetic markers in forensic science applications and research hotspot. Y chromosome was haploid genetic cause extremely uneven distribution of Y chromosome genetic markers in different populations, group differences than autosomal STR loci more significant, a prerequisite for forensic applications: contains multiple Y-STR locus haplotype groups distributed database. Therefore, the primary task of the forensic research Y chromosome STR loci have been found to to whichever highly polymorphic loci haplotypes system, and detect localized as much as possible of the crowd, to establish The haplotype groups distributed database. In this study, Chinese Han, Tibetan and Japanese populations three groups, detection of 7 Y-STR bit point DYS393, DYS389 Ⅰ for DYS19 and DYS390, DYS389 Ⅱ, DYS392 and DYS385, and build containing different number of Y--STR-bit point single haplotype system, the population distribution data, its forensic significance and application research. Materials and Methods polymerase chain reaction uCR into amplified seven Y-chromosome STR loci DYS393, DYS389, DYS19, DYS390, DYS389 fi, DYS392 and DYS3 85, through polypropylene phenolic amine gel electrophoresis separation Gong R product and silver staining. spectrum, of the 45 cases of Chinese Han Y-STR loci polymorphism analysis of 59 cases of Japanese population of seven cases of Tibetan unrelated healthy male individuals. The sample and by sequencing alleles standard the ladder (ndder) synchronization electrophoresis score type and name. The same sample of the Y-STR loci type joint, build a Y-STR haplotypes. The statistical analysis of population distribution characteristics of each Y-STR loci and haplotypes, the frequency of the population distribution data, and discuss its significance in forensic medicine. The specific application of the results of this study to the mixed sex crimes spot identification and the absence of paternity testing cases. Results of a Y-STR loci alleles named as standard genotyping by sequencing alleles, the PCR product blend allele ladder (ndder eight principles recommended in accordance with the International Society of Forensic Sciences DNA Committee, According to the sequencing results to determine the number of repeat units, named the alleles corresponding Y-STR test samples and Ladder synchronization pipetting a polypropylene ether amine gel electrophoresis bands compared with each other to the parting of the sample and named Y-STR allele the standard sequencing results see Figure 1-1-1-7. Y-STR loci detected allele and the locus allele ladder (Ladder) synchronization the electrophoresis of results see Figure 2-1-2-6. JY-STR loci alleles (or allele groups) in the three groups of Han, Tibetan, Japanese distribution 1.DYS393 · 2 · three two groups of six alleles were detected five alleles, Han, DP = 0.6980; Tibetan detected two alleles DP value of 0.5075; detected five Japanese population the allele, DP = 0.5406. 2.DYS389 detected in the three groups of three alleles. Han detected three alleles DP value of 0.6424; Tibetan detected three alleles , DP = 0.6694; Japanese population detected three alleles, the DP value of 0.5932. 3.DYS19 in the three groups were six alleles detected five alleles, Han, DP value of 0.5525; Tibetan detected five alleles, the DP value of 0.6495; detected in six Japanese population allele DP value of 0.7165. 4.DYS390 detected in the three groups 7 allele, Han detection four alleles, DP = 0.6061; Tibetan detected in six alleles DP value of 0.7006; Japanese population detected seven alleles, DP value detected in six alleles for in 0.748. 5.DYS389D in the three groups, Han detected five alleles, DP = 0.7495; Tibetan detected three alleles DP value of 0 5224; Japanese population detected in six alleles, the DP value of 0.7884. 6.DYS392 seven alleles detected in the three groups, Han detected four alleles, DP = 0. of 7152; Tibetan detected six alleles, DP = 0.7454; Japanese population detected five alleles, the DP value of 13 alleles were detected in the three groups O.6324. 7.DYS385 47 allele group, Han detected 20 alleles group pP value of 0.9525; the Tibetan detected 22 alleles group, DP = 0.8991; Japanese population detected 31 alleles group knife P value 0.9579 · · Three JY-STR haplotype distribution in Han, Tibetan, Japanese groups based on the lowest of three groups average DP DYS393 Y-STR loci, one by one accumulate DP value increasing The thus for building the the six kinds with different numbers of Y-STR loci haplotypes system: Yhl YhZ, Yh3 Yh4 Yhs Yh6 1.
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