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Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oils via Lipase-Catalyst

Author: ChenFengLiang
Tutor: WeiYiMin
School: Northwest University of Science and Technology
Course: Cereals, Oils and Vegetable Protein Engineering
Keywords: Waste oil Biodiesel Immobilized lipase Process Quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design
CLC: TE667
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2007
Downloads: 423
Quote: 1
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Abstract


Energy and environmental issues has become increasingly the focus of attention. In recent years, on the one hand, the rise of international oil prices, and people's awareness of environmental protection has forced various countries to develop green alternative renewable energy; On the other hand, waste oil to pollute the environment and endanger people's health, eager to seek new solutions. Waste oil as raw material in the production of bio-diesel is the fundamental way to solve these problems, it can not only reduce the environmental hazards of waste oil, and ways to curb the illegal use of waste oil, and can greatly reduce the production cost of biodiesel, but also get the green renewable energy fuel, has important environmental, economic, and ecological multiple benefits. This paper preliminary study grease frying qualitative change, immobilized lipase, as well as chemical and enzymatic catalytic waste grease biodiesel production process optimization four aspects, mainly the following conclusions: 1. Soybean oil high temperature frying qualitative change simulation study of the process of discovery: soybean oil at about 180 ℃ intermittent frying about 13h so carbonyl value that exceeds the national standards for frying oil should be abandoned oil treatment; grease after frying fatty saturated / unsaturated composition changed . Waste grease esterification - a two-step chemical Prepared biodiesel transesterification process optimization studies, found: 4.2% to 4.6% (by weight of oil) in the molar ratio of methanol to oil, 16.5 to 17.5, concentrated H2SO4, reaction time 1.6 ~ 2.0h, and the reaction temperature of esterification of 57 to 62 ° C preconditioning under optimized conditions, the acid value of the waste oil can be reduced to a level of less than 2 mgKOH / g. Drop acid value followed by base-catalyzed transesterification to obtain ideal biodiesel samples. 3 of immobilized lipase KGM the process and nature of the research and found that: the emulsifier added amount of SP-60 0.6% of KGM, with Ca (OH) 2 to adjust the pH to 11.0, the enzyme solution was added in an amount 0.3ml/gKGM and cryogenic ventilated and dry conditions, the vitality of the immobilized enzyme obtained 51.26U / g; immobilized enzyme optimum reaction temperature of 35 ° C to 55 ° C, the optimum pH value of 5.5 and 7.7; 4 ° C refrigerator storage enzyme the vitality increased 45d maximum; scanning electron microscope showed that: lipase and added excipients uniformly distributed in the carrier, the carrier structure is relatively dense. 4 before the reaction is taken with grease homemade immobilized lipase soak overnight, adding an appropriate amount of water, organic solvent and methanol was added in batches such measures are conducive to a transesterification reaction carried lipase without any treatment after the end of the reaction, i.e. can be directly used for the next reaction, and can be repeatedly used several times. Quadratic orthogonal rotation combination of experimental design and response surface method of enzyme-catalyzed preparation of waste oil biodiesel process parameters to optimize the reaction temperature is 41 to 44 ° C, the reaction time of 13.1 ~ 13.8h, alcohol oil molar ratio of 2.2 to 2.3, the amount of water added 7.8% to 9.7% and enzyme amount of 21.4% to 23.1%, three times to add methanol, may receive more biodiesel samples. Waste oil biodiesel samples prepared by the enzymatic and chemical, its physical and chemical indicators in line with the current U.S. and EU biodiesel standard. Considering the economic, environmental and social benefits, the chemical method is the recent method of waste oil biodiesel production and enzymatic ideal long-term waste grease biodiesel production.

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