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Since the need to adapt to the rapid economic development into the 21st century, China to further increase investment in infrastructure to promote the rapid development of China's high-speed rail. To meet the technical requirements of high-speed rail, in complex terrain areas, require a lot of construction of the tunnel project. Front of Face geological changes in the tunneling process, you need to know in advance, for the tunnel construction provides a more accurate geological data, to timely and reasonably adjust the excavation footage, to amend the construction program, to strengthen security measures to avoid the accident. In addition, evaluation of the quality of the tunnel construction process, quality inspection and final acceptance, need fast, accurate, and complete control of the tunnel construction with or without quality defects. The ground-penetrating radar is a geophysical exploration method to detect underground media distribution law by using a high-frequency electromagnetic pulses, because of its high resolution, easy operation, non-destructive testing, intuitive image, etc., in tunnel geological prediction and lining detection a wide range of applications. The ground-penetrating radar is developed on the basis of the theory of electromagnetic field, electromagnetic field theory and electromagnetic wave propagation of the theoretical basis of the ground-penetrating radar technology. Cut from the electromagnetic field theory Maxwell equations, plane electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics and the propagation laws in the media as well as the medium of electromagnetic properties; based on studying domestic and international ground-penetrating radar technology research data, through the line in Hunan, Guangxi, Gui-Guang line and Lanzhou-Chongqing line tunnel geological prediction, and lining detection, extensive practice, and accumulated a wealth of experience of the theory and application of radar technology. (1) The system summarizes the application of GPR working methods of data collection and data interpretation methods, detailed description of the considerations in the process of data collection, information processes and target identification. (2) Summary of the cave, often encountered in tunnel geological prediction unfavorable geological body broken with weak interlayer water-rich rock forecasting method and its radar cross-sectional view of the waveform characteristics. (3) summarizes the the tunnel lining detection often encountered hollow concrete is not dense with quality defects detection methods and their radar cross-sectional view of waveform characteristics. Currently, ground-penetrating radar has been widely used in the field of civil engineering, environmental testing, archaeological research, the geological survey and mineral exploration, and has become a routine detection technology. With the continuous development of science and technology, ground-penetrating radar applications will be more widely applied research in the field of engineering will also be more in-depth, resolution and accuracy will continue to improve.
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