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Research of Efficient Transmission Protocols for Underwater Sensor Networks

Author: HongZuo
Tutor: GuoZhongWen
School: Ocean University of China
Course: Applied Computer Technology
Keywords: Underwater Sensor Networks Underwater acoustic communication MAC protocol TDMA Data transmission protocol
CLC: TP212.9
Type: PhD thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 240
Quote: 2
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Abstract

Underwater sensor networks have broad application prospects in many civilian and military areas of the ocean observing, exploration and development of resources, disaster prediction and submarine detection recent years, with the growing importance of the rise of the marine economy and national maritime rights and interests, underwater sensors The network has become a new hotspot. The main features of underwater sensor networks using acoustic communication. Than with traditional land-based sensor networks use radio communication, low communication bandwidth, high error rate, propagation delay notable feature of underwater acoustic channel. Underwater sensor networks data transmission rates are generally not exceeding 10k/bps the hydroacoustic signal propagation speed of about 1500 m / s, five orders of magnitude lower than the electromagnetic wave, while the underwater sensor network communication link distance is typically several hundred meters or even kilometers, so the signal propagation delay of seconds. Underwater sensor network data transmission efficiency and network traffic is much lower than traditional terrestrial radio sensor networks, and strictly limited by energy consumption, and difficult to replace underwater node carries its own battery. The unique nature of the underwater acoustic communication a challenge to design an efficient data transfer protocol. Existing data transfer protocols and algorithms, both the medium access control (MAC), routing or cross-layer transport protocol, have failed to completely overcome the difficulties faced by the underwater acoustic communication. MAC protocol is divided into competitive and non-competitive categories, competition agreement to reduce the probability of conflict and improve the traffic problems, and high-latency communication environment will greatly reduce the carrier sense traffic and handshake mechanism, in addition to the conflict also need to consider will result in a waste of energy; non-competition agreement, the key issues is the design of high-efficiency, conflict-free channel assignment protocol uses TDMA and CDMA technology-based. In underwater sensor networks, distributed algorithm is a better solution, the centralized allocation algorithm easier to design, but its over-reliance on a central node scheduling, lack of flexibility of the agreement and will bring a security risk. Different application requirements for underwater sensor networks, researchers have proposed a node's data transmission cross-layer optimization program, cross-layer protocol design should not only take into account issues such as channel allocation, routing design, should also take into account the load balancing, congestion control and energy-saving and other issues; underwater sensor networks, energy conservation, including the two meanings: to reduce the waste of energy (that is, to reduce the energy consumption) and balance node energy consumption, node energy consumption rate of serious imbalances could lead to the early death of a large number of nodes destruction of network connectivity, network paralysis, by balancing energy consumption to extend the working time of the network as much as possible. The unique nature of this paper, the characteristics of underwater sensor networks and underwater acoustic communication, design and research and efficient data transfer protocol suitable for different occasions, a series of underwater sensor networks, including TDMA-based MAC protocol based load balancing of data transmission the agreement algorithm specific content includes: 1) for the smaller nodes share channel underwater sensor networks, design a mixed MAC protocol based on the random and TDMA: HCR, the agreement combines the competitive agreements and the merits of non-competition agreement, when the network load is light delay less competition agreement, when the network load is heavier then switch to higher traffic TDMA protocol, adaptive network load. 2) the \Priority transmission probability Protocol (PBT). The two protocols assume that node by adjusting the way of transmitting energy to control the transmission distance to select the optimal next hop node, depending on the circumstances, to determine the energy consumption of each node to balance network to extend the network lifetime. 3) for large-scale, cluster management of underwater sensor networks, improved TDMA protocol: CB-MAC to improve intra-cluster communication phase of network traffic. CB-MAC using underwater acoustic communication delay characteristics to improve the convergence of the member nodes to the cluster head node transmission mode to improve the efficiency of the cluster head node receives a frame. CB-MAC set to postpone the time of transmission time for node allocation, while increasing protection to overcome the problem of underwater delay jitter conflict. 4) for large-scale underwater sensor networks with complex topology based on the continuous-time allocation of distributed TDMA protocol: CT-TDMA. The agreement to abandon the traditional TDMA-based slot allocation scheme node uses to portray its local topology conflict based on the continuous-time state diagram and use the priority heuristic rules assigned transmission time, to achieve a conflict-free, high-efficiency data transmission . 5) of the above algorithms and protocols comprehensive simulation software compared with existing research. Validity, reliability, and performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation. The purpose of this paper is the design and verification of efficient, reliable, and easy to deploy underwater sensor network data transfer protocol, to overcome the existing protocols defects, has an important role in promoting the practical application of underwater sensor networks and promotion.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Automation technology,computer technology > Automation technology and equipment > Automation components,parts > Transmitter ( converter),the sensor > Sensor applications
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