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The peanut is China's major oil and one of the cash crops occupy a high position in the agricultural cropping systems . This paper systematically reviewed the cost of the ecological environment and ecosystem services Research , elaborated the farmland ecosystem services related theories based on the analysis of the pros and cons of peanut cultivation system of ecosystem services . First , peanut planting system as an important subsystem of the agro-ecological system , except material production capabilities , still in the agro-ecosystems play a biological nitrogen fixation, water conservation , maintenance of biodiversity , promote a virtuous cycle , adjust the gas concentration and climate , dispersion of surplus labor , Features landscape effects , valued at approximately $ 6.54 × 1011 annual preliminary statistics of peanut planting system service , which the contribution is due to its powerful function of nitrogenase fixed CO2 mitigation of greenhouse effect regulating atmospheric gases and produce O2 ; substances that production function of this system is the most practical , the most widely used features . However, this system is running at the same time also produced a series of environmental problems and ecological environmental costs . Major external environmental costs to produce chemical fertilizers, pesticides , plastic film , such as heavy metals pollution, waste of environmental resources , peanut yield and quality decline , caused by the environmental costs of approximately 7.11 × 1010 , the environmental costs accounting for 10.87% of the service value . The peanut ecosystem environmental costs or this one , accounted for more than 90% of the cost of the entire environment focused on the heavy metal pollution . Overall , Peanut ecosystem service function value is greater than the impact of environmental costs , and that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages . Analysis from the point of view of ecological economics , environmental costs are not as low as possible , such as : fertilizers , pesticides cause heavy metal pollution , environmental damage , and peanut quality ; completely fertilizers , pesticides large number of cuts will result in peanut greatly affect the function of the system of material production , at the same time to further affect the nitrogen-fixing capacity , the impact of fixed CO2 , O2 service functions . Therefore , we should not blindly pursue value maximization or cost minimization , but should seek the best balance between value and cost .
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