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Recent years, with the promotion of hybrid rice and stimulation using increasingly serious cause false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takahashi, and become an important disease of rice. The selection and use of resistant varieties is to achieve high-yield, quality and solve the problem of false smut hazards most cost-effective way. In order to clarify the current situation of Sichuan cultivars of rice false smut resistance, the study through naturally induced with a combination of artificial inoculation, after two consecutive years, the identification of resistance of 169 cultivars resistant evaluation. Meanwhile, in order to meet the needs of breeding for disease resistance, 126 germplasm resources of false smut resistance were identified and 121 germplasm resources of agronomic traits and characteristics of restoring and maintaining the determination. The results are as follows: 1 through 169 cultivars of rice false smut resistance identification, the results showed that: Sichuan rice cultivars resistant lower false smut and false smut resistance resistance difference between stability, different years, different varieties. Tested 169 rice varieties in 2010 than 2009 disease severity Light 2009 disease spike rate range of 0.0% -36.4%, the disease index range 0-17.0; the disease the Sui rate range in 2010, 0.0% - 22.4%, the disease index range 0-13.13. Two years of false smut resistance stability, and performance immune to anti-22 varieties, including immune Ⅰ (0), three varieties and three varieties of the resistance R (1), in the anti- MR (3), 16 varieties. 2 by 126 anti false smut rice germplasm screening, there are differences in the resistance of the field that the different rice varieties resistant performance and stability, and performance immune to anti varieties 63: immunity (Ⅰ 58) source of anti-varieties resistant sources of disease resistance (R) 4 varieties, the anti source of resistance (MR) varieties of a species, breeding material can be used as anti-false smut. Three pairs of agronomic traits and characteristics monitoring of restoring and maintaining resistance to rice false smut germplasm resources, cluster analysis showed that 121 copies of agronomic traits of rice germplasm resources can be divided into two categories class I, 43, Ⅱ type 78 copies of 121 copies . Class Ⅰ and contains two sub-categories: Ⅰ Ⅰ 2 each contain 26 and 17 varieties; Ⅱ class contains three sub-categories: Ⅱ 1, II 2, II 3 each containing 43,28 and seven varieties. The Class Ⅱ spike with grains, seed rate, higher seed weight per plant; restoring and maintaining properties measurement showed that the 121 rice germplasm resources, 110 were three-line CMS restorative, 11 were semi-restored half Paul sex. Recovery type 55 germplasm resources and Sterile Gang 46A formulated combination of F1 generation seed setting rate ≥ 80.0%, the recovery of the Three Sterile stronger as the recovery the Department of parent breeding. Comprehensive analysis of Sichuan rice cultivars resistant to false smut poor, and most rice varieties resistant unstable; screening rice germplasm resistance, agronomic traits and restoring and maintaining characteristics performed better the nine varieties, can be used as a breeding resources. In this study, the rational distribution of rice varieties in Sichuan Province, prevention and anti-the false smut breeding work provides a guiding significance and theoretical basis.
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