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Water scarcity and poor soil restricting Northwest dryland agriculture production is the main factor. Straw with soil fertility, nutrient supply coordination, Xushuibaoshang, increase production and other effects; green manure crops are dependent manner, both fertile, but also soil improvement, therefore, to take straw and planting green manure cultivation measures solve Northwest Territories \In this study, the conventional summer bare fallow as a control, were studied under conditions covered summer fallow tillage wheat straw or leguminous green manure as well as a combination of both dryland winter wheat yield on Loess Plateau, soil moisture, soil nutrients, crop water and nutrient absorption utilization and nutrient accumulation and transfer effects, to evaluate the effect of different cultivation methods in order to improve soil fertility and production under dryland ability to provide a theoretical basis. The results showed that: 1, compared with the control, after a year of field trials, summer fallow period and planting green manure and straw are on Grain Yield and biomass had no effect; planting green manure and straw manure treatment before sowing and flowering the period of 60 - 160 cm soil water reduction; But planting green manure improves soil nitrate and phosphorus quantity, surface 0 -2 0 cm before sowing soil nitrate significantly increased 10.7 kg · hm -2 , the harvest period increased 18.4 kg · hm -2 ; flowering planting green manure to improve soil available phosphorus 43.4 kg · hm -2 , harvest effective quantity of phosphorus were still high 24.4 kg · hm -2 ; straw and planting green manure on soil ammonium and potassium had no significant effect. 2, summer fallow period of wheat straw increased water consumption growth period and two mixed planting green manure to fields to lower it, straw crop water consumption increased by 10 mm, planting green manure and straw mulch planting green manure decreased by 11 mm and 9 mm, water use efficiency but no significant change; summer fallow period planting green manure and green manure planting of wheat straw mulch on NPK uptake decreased, wheat grain N uptake were reduced by 6.0% and 6.6%, the difference was significant, P uptake decreased by 5.9% and 6.2% potassium uptake by reducing grain by 7.9% and 7.9%. 3, summer fallow period straw mulching and planting green manure increased to varying degrees before flowering and dry matter accumulation of NPK nutrients, including straw gt; straw planting green manure gt; planting green manure gt; controlled, straw treatment of dry matter accumulation before flowering high of 25.4% compared with the control, significant difference. Three treatments nitrogen accumulation before flowering high of 34.2% compared with the control, 13.4% and 20.9%, 31.3%, Phosphorus Accumulation high, 7.2% and 21.7%, 28.9%, high potassium accumulation, 12.2% and 18.3%, of which planting green manure with straw straw significant difference between treatment and control. After flowering, dry matter accumulation were significantly lower than the control of 65.2%, 49.2% and 47.2%. In addition to the control treatment, after flowering NPK have varying degrees of loss of potassium efflux phenomenon is more obvious.
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