|
As one of the important components of high-speed train suspension system, air spring’scharacteristics plays a decisive role in improving the vehicle operation quality. In this paper,the vertical and lateral characteristics of SYS510E air spring are analyzed with finite elementmethod, and the main factors which affect the characteristics are also studied on. Finally, byestablishing the mechanical model and differential equation, the damping factor and dynamicstiffness of air spring are calculated with MATLAB software.The three-dimensional finite element models of the air spring capsules and rubber heapare established by using finite element software ANSYS. Based on railway industry standard,the vertical and lateral stiffness characteristics of air spring are simulated under three workconditions. Under railway empty car working condition, the vertical stiffness is190.7N.mm-1,and the lateral stiffness is123.N.mm-1; under personnel quota working condition, the verticalstiffness is226.7N.mm-1, and the lateral stiffness is123N.mm-1; under overstaff workingcondition, the vertical stiffness is243.3N.mm-1, and the lateral stiffness is127N.mm-1. Thecalculation results have reasonable agreement with the experimental stiffness of SYS510E airspring.This paper summarized the change laws of air spring stiffness under different factors,based on simulating and calculating the factors that effect vertical and lateral characteristics ofair spring, including the cord angle, capsule inner pressure and auxiliary spring. Verticalstiffness decreased with the increasing of cord angle, when cord angle is40°,45°,50°,55°, the stiffness was almost constant. Lateral stiffness increased with the increasing of cordangle. The vertical and lateral stiffness are nearly proportional to capsule inner pressure.Besides, lower auxiliary spring can reduce the the vertical and lateral stiffness of air spring.According to air spring damping coefficient and dynamic stiffness, the formulas werederived, and the mechanical model of the air spring and differential equations wereestablished. By using Matlab, the mechanical model was simulated, and indicator diagramwas obtained. Based on formulas and indicator diagram, the air spring damping and dynamicstiffness were obtained, and influencing factors were also analyzed. The results reflected thatair spring dynamic stiffness was directly proportional to excitation amplitudes, inverselyproportional to excitation frequencies and increased with the increasing of capsule innerpressure.
|