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Influencing Factors of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Output in Suburban Area of Small Watershed

Author: YangShanShan
Tutor: HuRongGui
School: Huazhong Agricultural University
Course: Environmental Engineering
Keywords: Land use types Nitrogen, phosphorus and output Population Fertilize Livestock and poultry breeding
CLC: X52
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 58
Quote: 1
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Abstract


Chinese urban fringe areas is the most rapid economic development, the fastest urbanization development and construction of area. Due to the urban-industrial \serious. The outskirts of the city in the socio-economic rapid development, along with the deterioration of ecological environment, directly affect the survival and development of the local people. Changsha County, Hunan Province Jinjing Kanai River Basin study area, set up 20 monitoring points, from December 2009 to November 2010, a one-year monitoring of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration. Research analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus in different seasons on the output characteristics; through the division of the sub-basin and the role of district, investigate the land use of water body nitrogen, phosphorus output; through field research the number of inhabitants, fertilizer, pig quantity and other factors to study its on the water body nitrogen, phosphorus output. Eventually clear cause of the key factors of the watershed non-point source pollution, and to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation and control of non-point source pollution in rural areas and reasonable proposals in order to maintain the sustainable development of the local environmental quality. The main findings are as follows: (1) Kanai River watershed land use type and distribution pattern of non-point source pollution sources and sinks characteristics were analyzed, the results show that the absorption and pollutants caused by pollution in the study area the source land area slightly smaller than land transformed sinks. Most of the source distribution in the slope of 0-5 °, the distance of the river than 100 m within. Department of the distribution gt; performance exchange characteristics of woodland in the distance distribution tiny river 100 m within 25 ° slope. From the watersheds upstream to downstream, the proportion of the source area increases gradually sinks is reduced (2) the Kanai River Basin surface water nitrogen pollution is very serious, TN average annual output concentration exceeds the national surface water quality V standard, TP class Ⅰ concentration is substantially lower than the standard. Larger sub-basin runoff usually nitrogen, phosphorus output. Watershed nitrogen output NO3 - N. N03 - N concentration in the winter and spring output; NH4-N and TN in the winter output concentration was significantly higher than the other three seasons; different sub-basin TP concentration of output in different seasons of the same. The N03 - N seasonal variation coefficient the smallest seasonal coefficient of variation of NH4-N, TN and TP in the coefficient of variation of the different sub-basins season of the same. N03 - N and TN spatial variability coefficient trend, N03 - N is the summer gt; the winter = autumn gt; Spring, TN summer gt; winter gt; fall gt; spring; spatial variability of NH4-N coefficient winter gt ; fall gt; summer gt; spring; TP autumn gt; summer gt; Spring gt; winter. (3) Based on the basin-wide land use types with nitrogen, phosphorus output relationship: the woodland and the water and nitrogen output was negatively related to paddy fields, dry and residents of road with nitrogen, phosphorus output was positively correlated. The impact of non-point source pollution factor is complex and varied topography and other conditions are similar in general, paddy fields, dry and habitation areas greater the proportion of woodland and the proportion of surface area of ??the smaller, non-point source pollution is more serious. Year scale, the water face of NO3 - N impact, dryland greatest impact on NH4-N and TN. Seasonal scale, affect the drylands of the nitrogen in the winter; affecting forestland in the spring of TN, TP drylands; impact of NO3 - N and TN are the water in the summer; autumn. NO3 - N, TN and TP greatest impact are water. (4) based on the set of land use structure and water quality also showed a significant correlation. Annual water NO3 - N year relationship between concentration and woodland area most closely NH4-N and TN is the closest relationship with the surface of the water, the the TP and residents of the most closely related. (5) the number of population and pig nitrogen, total phosphorus annual output reached a significant positive correlation. Also showed a significant positive correlation between fertilizer nitrogen annual output. With the growth of the population number, the pig quantity and fertilization watershed nitrogen, phosphorus output increases. Population impact NH4-N output, the pig quantity and fertilization affect the maximum output of TN. (6) Studies have shown that the distribution pattern of the type of land use, chemical fertilizers, living and breeding pollutant emissions have a great impact on the the watershed nitrogen, phosphorus output. Therefore, optimization of watershed land use pattern to guide farmers' scientific and rational agricultural activities, improve the processing of household waste and farm wastewater contaminants supporting, is ultimately the best way to watershed non-point source pollution control.

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CLC: > Environmental science, safety science > Environmental pollution and its prevention > Water pollution and its control
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