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Speeding up the urbanization of China’s urbanization has been the inevitable trend of development, facing of "country, farmers, agriculture" issues and the development status of small towns, how to quickly solve the small town’s developing problems, how to use sustainable development concepts and methods, to achieve sustainable construction and operation of small towns, and to promote agricultural informationization, industry development and make modernization process in country is an facing urgent task of China. Sustainable development projects of small cities and towns in the international community does not have the experience mode to draw on, therefore, this article based on the related theory and method, through the development process of China’s small towns and the analysis of the status, to make sure the main problem of the sustainable development of small towns, to explore the inevitability for sustainable development of small towns, made the comprehensive analysis of the elements of small towns’ sustainable development, based on that, refines the basic characteristics of sustainable small towns, builds the framework of sustainable development assessment index system of small towns, then uses Xiangzhou town in Shandong Province as the object of sustainable development small town in empirical research, and finally facing the common problems of the sustainable development of small towns, gives some appropriate suggestions and countermeasures, in order to provide a theoretical reference and evidence for the sustainable development of small towns in China.Based on the research, main draw the following conclusions: the regional development of China’s small towns are not balanced, the main problems are: small towns’comprehensive function is weak; do not have enough driving force in the economic sectors; the ecological destruction and waste of resources and management system are not perfect; the cultural features are missing. Through the elements analysis of small towns’ sustainable development, finds out that in economic growth, small towns have fast developed, but the regional disparities significantly, urban enterprises scale are generally small, can not drive the local economy and society developing fast. In status of resources using, land for construction of small towns township continues to expand, causing a large number of arable land diverts, useing efficiency of some parts of the land are low, causing a serious waste , water shortage in some parts of small towns has also been very serious. In status of ecological environment, the environmental quality of small towns showes a clear downward trend, epitomized by the atmospheric environment quality and water quality decline. In status in the population, more and more people gather in small towns, but the overall quality of the population is still low. In the social infrastructure, our environment and social life of small town residents in general have greatly improved, but the distance between construction of various types of social infrastructure and the growing needs of residents in small towns is still a wide gap. As a result, puting forward the sustainable development of small towns should be in accordance with the specific requirements of sustainable development, full account of small towns’geographic conditions, resource endowments, industry advantages, regional culture, small towns should choose the correct model of sustainable development, strengthen the comprehensive functions of the small towns, develop the industrial economy with local characteristics, do strict management of resources and the ecological environment, improve the management policy system, mine local cultural features, give further guidance on the construction of small towns, then enhance the comprehensive strength of small towns so as to achieve their health and sustainable development.
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