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The Preparation and Application of SnO2 Nanotubes and Sn/C Composite Nanofibers

Author: ZhangSuQiang
Tutor: LiuXiangLi
School: Harbin Institute of Technology
Course: Materials Physics and Chemistry
Keywords: One-dimensional nanomaterials Electrospinning SnO2 nanotubes Sn / C composite nanofibers Lithium ion battery
CLC: TB383.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 65
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Abstract


In a variety of mobile devices and the continuous development of new energy technologies, high-capacity lithium-ion rechargeable battery has become an urgent need for social development, also been national researchers to explore one of the key areas. Tin-based material has a high charge and discharge capacity, but the lithium ion intercalation and extrusion process may cause a change in the volume of the tin-based materials, which limits its application in the lithium ion battery. Tin-based materials nanomaterials may improve its volume effect, and is expected to replace the carbon as an anode material for lithium-ion to improve battery performance. Firstly, the system introduces the basic connotation, the nature and preparation of nanomaterials means content, as well as the basic principles of the lithium-ion battery; then elaborated SnO 2 nanotubes and Sn / C composite nanofibers Finally, the preparation of the two one-dimensional materials; using SEM, XRD, EDX, TEM, and the constant current charge and discharge testing techniques were analyzed and discussed the morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of the material. Specific research work are as follows: (l) PVP and tin salt (as SnCl in the 2 · 2H 2 the O C 16 H 30 < / sub> O 4 Sn) as the main raw material, the use of high-voltage electrostatic spinning method as the main technical means and combined calcined technology, successfully prepared SnO 2 nanotubes. The results show that, PVP and SnCl 2 · 2H O as the main raw material for the product obtained SnO 2 nanotube structure with SnCl 2 increasing the content of SnO 2 nano-tube wall thickness gradually increases. 16 H 30 O 4 Sn alternative SnCl 2 As a precursor, calcined in the air can not be hydrolyzed C After the resulting product was a SnO 2 nanofibers. Inferred SnO 2 nanotubes into the tube causes may be due to the before calcination of the fiber surface of SnCl 2 in air slow hydrolysis, Sn (OH) Cl is formed nanoparticles these surfaces of the nanoparticles in the subsequent calcination process has played a template effect, and ultimately of SnO 2 nanoparticle aggregation on the fiber surface to form a tubular structure. (2) to the PAN and C 16 H 30 O 4 Sn as the main raw materials, electrospinning method using H 2 high temperature reduction, the successful preparation of Sn / C composite nanofibers. With the increase the proportion of tin salts, of Sn in the number of particles in the fiber increase gradually, and the particle diameter is also increasing. If the proportion of the tin salt is too large, it will occur in the fiber surface, agglomeration appears convex nanoparticles. (3) be prepared to complete SnO 2 nanotubes and Sn / C composite nanofibers as anode material of lithium-ion batteries assembled into a standard CR2032 button battery and constant current charge-discharge tests . Experimental results show that SnO 2 nanotube material has a very large initial charge and discharge capacity, but serious attenuation. Description SnO 2 the nanotubes hollow nano-structure and can not completely eliminate the Li generated in the process of embedding and Escape \Sn / C composite nanofibers first charge discharge capacity, but also experienced its capacity to stabilize after 10 cycles, a large reversible charge-discharge capacity showed good electrochemical properties, is a good The negative electrode material for a lithium ion. However, if the proportion of the fibers of tin is too large, the volume effects of Sn appear in the fiber surface. Nanoparticles will be generated in the charge-discharge process, the charging and discharging capacity will not be significantly improved.

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