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In this thesis, the fatty alcohols with glucose as the raw material, transglycosylation, and synthesized a novel non-ionic surfactant alkyl glucoside (APG). The composition and structure of the product was characterized by IR and 1 H NMR and elemental analysis. By synthetic methods, the Exploration of the amount of raw materials, and obtained the optimum reaction conditions of the synthesis of alkyl glycosides as follows: the reaction temperature was 115 ° C, glucose and n-butanol molar ratio is 1:4.5, the molar ratio of glucose with the catalyst is glucose and n-decyl alcohol molar ratio of 1:0.028 to 1:2. Glucose conversion rate of 97.5%. This experiment, the catalyst on the reaction process is improved combined into a binary complex catalyst, with an organic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and pyridine, and compared with the conventional catalyst, improve the conversion rate of the reaction of glucose, which greatly shorten the reaction time, so that The reaction process is less energy-consuming. In terms of product performance, this paper using spectroscopic methods study the aggregation behavior of the surfactant alkyl glucoside, the main principle: the product of the preparation of a series of concentrations of samples surfactant - dye probe aqueous system were measured concentration surfactant - the dye aqueous systems visible absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra. The results showed that as the surfactant concentration increases, dye solubilization phenomena in the system performance; spectral curve obtained is asymmetric superimposed peaks with a Gaussian multiplet fitting method to achieve a the superimposed peaks stars peak peak area (integral absorbance or emission intensity), frequency shift, the FWHM spectral linear parameters calculated; dye probe monomer and dimer absorption peak area ratio (A 1 / A 2 I 1 / I 2 ), frequency shift (△ λ) and half peak width (w 1 w 2 ) spectrum linear parameters plotted surfactant concentration, the graphics in the critical micelle concentration mutations, mutations in point is the critical micelle concentration of aqueous surfactant system first discovered visible absorption spectra of linear parameter FWHM the APG aggregation behavior of sensitive. This method, compared with the traditional method of measuring the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant, more sensitive mutations, anti-interference ability, and the results are more accurate. Article also visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy combined with Gaussian multi-peak fitting method alkyl glycosides and anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) complex after mixed surfactant aggregation behavior case, in a complex system, fixing the concentration of the alkyl glycoside is a certain value, the measurement complex system with the changes in the concentration of SDBS dye probe visible absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra, wherein the dye in the aqueous systems of the mixed surfactant Solubilization effect is not obvious, the analysis of spectra of linear parameters using Gaussian multi-peak fitting, mixed surfactant system of the cmc parameters SDBS concentration diagram, and the results are as accurate as.
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