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In the early1990s, with the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, international community has experienced profound changes and Mongolia entered a new period of reform. Mongolia abandoned the long-term adherence of "One-sided" policy, and formulated non-aligned, equidistance, all-directional "Multi-level" foreign policy."Third neighbor" policy is a important part of it. Considering geopolitical factors, changes of international environment, development of China and national interest demand, Mongolia has implemented "Third neighbor" policy. Up to now, Mongolia has associated "Third neighbor" relations with More than one country, both include first "Third neighbor"-the United States, also include important "Third neighbor"-Japan, South Korea, India and the European Union, etc. In recent years, Mongolia highlight the "Third neighbor" policy, attempt to pull NATO, OSCE, SCO and APEC into the scope of its "Third neighbour"."Third neighbour" policy has a positive impacts on Mongolia’s international status, diplomatic space, economic transition and political transformation. At the same time, to some extent, Mongolia’s "Third neighbour" diplomacy, has contributed to the stability and development of the Northeast Asia. However, it is not conducive to the healthy development of Mongolia-China,Mongolia-Russia good-neighborly relations, diplomatic independence and benefit maximization of Mongolia.Mongolia is China’s Northern neighbour, the border between the two countries up to4710km. It has great significance to our country border security. From1949, when China and Mongolia established diplomatic trelations, to now, the two countries experienced a period of twists and turns, but the overall development is good. Nowadays, the two have established a "strategic partnership". However, Mongolia’s relations with the "Third neighbors", especially the United States, Japan and India, has had negative impacts on China in terms of security and ideology. So, China should take "Third neighbor" diplomacy seriously, to strengthen all-round cooperation with Mongolia, and committed to build highly trust neighboring relations with it.
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