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Synthesis of Platinum Based Catalysts and Their Electro-catalvtic Activity for Methanol Oxidaiton

Author: ChenLu
Tutor: GengBaoYou
School: Anhui Normal University
Course: Materials Science
Keywords: Au-Pt Pt-MWNTs synthesis methanol electro-oxidation catalytic performance
CLC: TQ426
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2013
Downloads: 29
Quote: 0
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Abstract


Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are considered as attractive power sources with potential applications in a variety of applications, due to their ease of handling, high energy density, low operating temperatures and environmental-friendly system. One of the key issues in the study of DMFCs is finding a high activity catalyst for electro-oxidation. Though Pt is traditionally regarded as an ideal catalyst for methanol oxidation, much effort still have been paid to design new catalysts with high activity and to increase the efficiency of Pt loading. It is well known that the physical and chemical properties of the catalyst depend strongly on the size, shape and dimension of the catalyst particles,In recent years, various strategies have been developed to improve the electro-catalytic activity for the methanol electro-oxidation reactions by the addition or incorporation of a second element in Pt electro-catalysts, through the proper morphological control, or to load catalysts on the surface of suitable supporting materials.This research is aimed to improve the utilization and activity of Pt based catalysts for methanol electro-oxidation. The as-prepared materials show advanced catalytic performance towards methanol electro-oxidation.The works are exhibited as follows in detail:1. We successfully obtain the well-shaped Au-Pt core-rods nanostructure at room temperature, which is made up of spherical Au core and Pt nanorods assembled shell. Electro-catalytic methanol oxidation reaction in acid media is performed to evaluate the performance of Au-Pt core-rods structure. Compared with normal Au-Pt core-shell candidate, it possesses1.8times higher ECSA and exhibits significantly enhanced catalytic activity and the mass and specific activity is3.5and 2.0times that of normal core-shell one, respectively. It is the special Au-Pt bimetallic structure that gives rise to the excellent catalysis. Besides the original enhancement of core-shell nanostructure, Pt nanorods assembled shell allows the exposed surface of Pt outside as efficiently as possible and enlarge the Pt utilization, leading to the much higher ECSA and activity.2. We demonstrate a facile method to fabricate Au-Pt double-walled nanotubes (Au-Pt DWNTs). The double-walled nanotubes are fabricated through the galvanic displacement reaction between Ag nanowires and various mental ions and made up of an Au inner wall and a Pt outer wall. These Au-Pt DWNTs catalysts represent the high electrochemically active surface area and the peak current density of Au-Pt double-walled nanotubes in methanol oxidation is much higher than commercial Pt/C. After3600s continual measurement, the oxidation current density of Au-Pt DWNTs also retains a higher value which is about8times that of commercial Pt/C catalysts. The attractive performance exhibited by these prepared Au-Pt double-walled nanotubes would be contributed to the unique structures which make them promising candidates as high-performance catalysts.3. We use multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as supporting material, hollow Pt nanoparticles are uniformly deposited on the MWNTs surface through the galvanic displacement reaction and the obtained Pt-MWNTs possess much better electro-oxidation catalytic activity and steady-state activity towards methanol electro-oxidation.

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