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Metal detergent is the main additive for internal-combustion engine lubricating oil.Sulfonic acid magnesium salt has excellent comprehensive performance and the study of itmore and more attention. As lubriecants metal detengents, Possessing fairly goodperformanee, caleiumsalts have been widely used at present. With higher total base number,lower ash conient, stronger neutralization capability, magnesium salt detergents have beendeveloping quickly inrecent years. The preparation of high alkali value sulfonic acidmagnesium salt detergent is more difficult in that the metallicity of magnesium is weaker thancalcium. Word emerged In recent years of patents that reference implementations ofmagnesium sulfonate detergent with high alkali. But the regulation mechanism of it is verycomplex and it needs further research.Firstly, nanoscale lubricant oil magnesium metal detergent with high alkaline which isprepared by using base oil and magnesium oxide （MgO） as the main raw material waspreliminarily studied in this thesis. The influences of the addition of MgO, urea （CO（NH2）2）,methanol （CH3OH）, toluene （C7H9）, ammonium carbonate （（NH3）2CO3）, ammonia（NH4OH）and water （H2O） were investigated. During calcination-carbonation reaction process, theamount of carbon dioxide and its flow-rate, reaction time, reaction temperature and otherfactors were investigated, and the optimizing synthetic conditions were found.The experimental results show that the best process conditions by using surfaced andMgO as raw material for synthesis of overbased magnesium sulfonate detergent was thequantity addition of surfaced being87g, the quantity addition of base oil being14g, thequantity addition of MgO being24g, the quantity addition of CO（NH2）2being4g, thequantity addition of CH3OH being18mL, the quantity addition of C7H9being137g, thequantity addition of （NH3）2CO3being4g, the quantity addition of NH4OH being3mL, thequantity addition of H2O being10mL, CO2ventilation volume being15L, CO2flow-ratebeing120mL/min, the best reaction time of carbonation was3h, the best reactiontemperature of carbonation was45℃. Under these conditions, the base number of product ishigher than300mgKOH·g-1, and its viscosity is lower than150mm2·s-1.
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