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Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) Is one of the important fruit in the world today, widely distributed, and more varieties have high economic value, with citrus, bananas, grapes, and known as the world's four major fruit. Apple in China has a long history of cultivation, acreage and production rank first in the world. However, my apple fruit quality, variety and structure, varieties update speed still a wide gap with the world advanced level. Therefore, develop high-quality, high-yield, resilience apple varieties is an important issue facing the current apple breeding. Traditional breeding methods have been unable to meet the the now the varieties update speed requirements. The use of advanced molecular marker technology-assisted breeding is an important trend, and Apple traits quickly build high-density genetic linkage map of the apple breeding, premise directional improved. Apple cultivar 'Tela Meng' and 'Fuji', 'New Red Star' respectively hybrid F1 Population as test material, the use of orthogonal design and intuitive analysis, and analysis of variance for Apple SRAP amplification reaction system ; AFLP and SRAP two molecular markers methods combined with the BSA, carried out the study of the the Apple molecular genetic map construction; SRAP and BSA combination of Apple the columnar traits and fruit shape index the SRAP preliminary analysis. The main findings are as follows: (1) determine the SRAP amplification reaction system for Apple. 10uL of the reaction system containing Mg2 concentration for 2.0mmol.L-1 the the dNTPs concentration for 0.8mmol.L 1, Primer concentrations for 0.2pmol.uL-1, the Taq DNA polymerase content 0.6U, DNA content of 60ng and containing 1uL 10 × buffer (Mg2 free). Was programmed for denaturation at 95 ℃ to 4min for 95 ° C denaturation 45S, 35 ° C renaturation 45S, extension at 72 ° C for 1 min, five cycles; 95 ° C denaturation 45S, 52 ° C renaturation 45S, extension at 72 ° C for 1 min, 30 cycles, 72 ℃ extension of 5min. (2) F1 population the 'Te Lameng' x 'Fuji' (94) as test materials to build the Apple molecular genetic map. The study screened 400 SRAP primer combinations and 64 AFLP primer combinations, select the polymorphic 50 of SRAP primer combinations and 30 AFLP primer combinations this group, a total of 160 polymorphic bands, SRAP primer combinations amplified polymorphic bands of 133 AFLP primer combinations amplified 31 polymorphic bands. Initially built by Joinmap version4.0 software contains a 98 marker loci Apple molecular genetic map, the map contains 18 linkage groups, the gene coverage length 1127.6cM, average distance of 11.5cM. (3) in order to the 'Te Lameng' and 'Fuji', 'New Red Star' typical of columnar and ordinary type individual, respectively, the F1 hybrid groups as test materials, analysis of apple columnar traits. The test screening out one pair SRAP primer combinations M10E4 of the columnar pool (12) ordinary pool (12) showed the separation, separation of approximately 310bp fragment size named M10E4-310. This tag to validate columnar (44) and in a wider range of common type (26), the typical individual marker phenotype rate was 92.86%, LG16 linkage groups columnar traits genetic distance for 8.7cM. (4) Preliminary apple-shaped genetic test materials to the 'Te Lameng' x 'Fuji' F1 generation groups. SRAP markers and BSA combined to find molecular markers linked to gene control apple shaped. 400 pairs of primer in how to demonstrate differences in the the flat circular gene pool and the conical gene pool, only a pair of primers M16E9 performance in the gene pool of monoclonal stable separation, 45 plants in the F1 generation verify preliminary judgment of the mark may be shaped fruit genetic.
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