|
Honeysuckle, also known as double flowers, is the perennial rattan of Lonicera. It is avery rare crude drug, its stem, leaf and fllower also can be used, and it has the function ofclearing away heat and toxic materials, broad-spectrum antibiotic, brain fitness and improvingeyesight, and evacuating the cold. Honeysuckle is one of the38kinds of famous traditionalChinese medicine ingredients which confirmed by the State Council. The honeysuckle isharmed seriously by insect pests, because the honeysuckle is inner viscosity Chinese herbalmedicine, the pesticide residue of it have a great influence on people, and the study of thehappen and control of insect pests on honeysuckle are very few. So, explicit the variety ofpests on honeysuckle, screen safely and environmentally friendly insecticides, and research ahigh-efficiency control technique is very necessary. This text surveyed the kinds ofhoneysuckle in Shandong, cleared the advantage pests; system investigated the Semiaphisheracler Takahashi and honeysuckle’ occurrence regularity; tested the toxicity of insecticidesfor the Semiaphis heracler Takahashi and Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu, and studied thesub-lethal effects of insecticides on the growth, development and reproduction to the4rdinstar of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga; carried on the field experiment of controlling aphids,and deliberated the insecticides’use technology, formulated the honeysuckle mianpests’prevention and control technology regulations. The main results are as follows:1. The main insect pests in Shandong were Semiaphis heracler Takahashi, Heterolochajinyinhuaphaga Chu, Tetranychus cinabarinus Boisdu, Xylotrechus grayii White, Helicoverpaarmigera Hubner, Arge similis Vollenhoven, Phyllonorycter lonicerae Kumata, Cephonodeshylas, Pseudococcus comstocki Kuwana, Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky.etc. Semiaphisheracler Takahashi and Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu were the dominant species.2. The results showed that the Semiaphis heracler’ emergence peak was May in Pingyi,Shandong. The aphids on the variety of Sijihua was more susceptible and happen peak wasalso seven days earlier than Damao. The aphid populations on Sijihua were1fold than thoseon the Daomao in happened peak.3. Compared the eight insecticides, the LC50of lambda-cyhaothrin, abamectin,imidacloprid and pyrethrin to wingless aphids were1.491mg·L-1,1.697mg·L-1,2.839mg·L-1and2.861mg·L-1, respectively, whose toxicity were higher, the toxicity of matrine,pymetrozine and azadirachtin were also high, the LC50were30.915、112.823and116.177mg/L; the toxicity of garlic oil was low, the LC50was1193.959mg/L. Themeasurement of toxicity provided the theoretical basis for preventting and controlling ofthe aphid.4. The text determined the toxicity of14insecticides to the2th and4th larvae of Heterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu with insect-dipping test, the result show that, the toxicity ofemamectin and spinosad were the highest to both the2th and4th larvae, the LC50were0.291mg/L and0.478mg/L to the2th larvae, and the LC50were0.391mg/L and1.243mg/L tothe4th larvae; the toxicity of hexaflumuron and chlorantraniliprole were also very good, theLC50of hexaflumuron to the2th and4th larvae was1.007mg/L and12.568mg/L, the LC50ofchlorantraniliprole to the2th and4th larvae was1.700mg/L and58.848mg/L. Theinsect-dipping test showed that the same insecticide had different effect with different instarlarvae, and the smaller instar larvae were more sensitive.5. Determined the touch out toxicity of11insecticides to the2th and4th larvae ofHeterolocha jinyinhuaphaga Chu with leaf-dipping test. The result show that the toxicity ofemamectin was the highest, the LC50to the2th and4th larvae was0.081mg/L and0.275mg/L; secondly was hexaflumuron, the LC50to the2th and4th larvae was0.143mg/L and0.500mg/L; The LC50of Chlorantraniliprole and pleocidin were also high, the LC50to the2thlarvae were0.934mg/L and1.411mg/L, the LC50to the4th larvae were2.579mg/L and2.470mg/L; the toxicity of clothianidin to the2th and4th larvae was2.726mg/L and3.151mg/L, the toxicity increased29.51times than the insect-dipping test. The leaf-dippingtest indicated, the smaller instar larvae were more sensitive. The The insect-dipping test andleaf-dipping test cleared different insecticides had different toxicity in the two tests, the resultdued to the insecticides’mode of action and features, explicitted the difference of heinsecticides’mode of action had significance to guide the use of insecticides.6. Determined the effect of the hexaflumuron, clothianidin and matrine to the4thlarvae’growth, development and reproduction by the concentration of LC20-30throughleaf-dipping test. After6days, the larvae weight, pupation rate, male and female pupae weight,eclosion rate, egg laving amount were reduced.7. Built the control measure of honeysuckle aphids by hole fertilizing neonicotinoid. andcarried out the field experiment.among the period of aphids occurred, Application of25%thiamethoxam water dispersible granules,36%thiacloprid water dispersible granules,25%pymetrozine wettable powder,25%imidacloprid wettable powder by weight of0.4,0.278,0.4and0.4g/mound during the growing period of honeysuckle in spring control exceeded98.88%of aphid after50days. During the period of aphids occurred，25%imidaclopridwettable powder,1.8%abamectin missible oil,4.5%lambda-cyhaothrin missible oil,25%pymetrozine wettable powder,5%pyrethrin missible oil,1%matrine water aqua weresprayed at concentrations of20000,2000,2500,5000,500and50times，the control effect achieved91.69%,98.90%,96.18%,95.06%,99.24%and90.10%after5days，werehigh-efficient insecticides. The control effect of the hole fertilizing insecticides, and theduration of insecticides was long and worthy of being popularized.
|