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In this paper, four waxy maize inbred lines as being measured (male parent, P1) and41waxy maize inbred lines as tester (female parent, P2) were used. According to incompletediallel cross design (NC Ⅱ, P1×P2), we determined the combining ability and heritability of4waxy maize varieties, which may lay a solid foundation for the research group to breedexcellent combinations. The main results were as follows:1. The determination results of combining ability indicated that (1) WN2hybrids plantsgenerally showed the shorter plant height, lower ear height, less tassel branch number, shortertassel length, less leaf number, smaller leaf angle, smaller leaf area, bigger leaf orientationvalue, thicker but shorter ear, shorter bald tip, less line number, less number of grains per ear,lower seed yield, lighter single spike grain weight, lighter hundred grain weight and lowerplot yield trends.(2) WN25hybrids plants generally showed the shorter plant height, lowerear height, less tassel branch number, longer tassel length, more leaf number, bigger leaf angle,bigger leaf area, smaller leaf orientation value, thicker but longer ear, shorter bald tip, less linenumber, more number of grains per ear, lower seed yield, heavier single spike grain weight,heavier hundred grain weight and lower plot yield trends.(3) WN45hybrids plants generallyshowed the higher plant height, higher ear height, more tassel branch number, longer tassellength, more leaf number, smaller leaf angle, bigger leaf area, smaller leaf orientation value,thicker but longer ear, longer bald tip, more line number, more number of grains per ear,higher seed yield, heavier single spike grain weight, heavier hundred grain weight and moreplot yield trends.(4) WN49hybrids plants generally showed the higher plant height, higherear height, less tassel branch number, longer tassel length, more leaf number, bigger leaf angle,smaller leaf area, smaller leaf orientation value, thinner but shorter ear, shorert bald tip, moreline number, less number of grains per ear, higher seed yield, lighter single spike grain weight,lighter hundred grain weight and lower plot yield trends.(5) The analysis of the generalcombining ability shows: WN2integrated performance is general, which bald tip is relativelyserious, and not easy to have the excellent hybrids; WN25comprehensive performance isgood,which plant trait does well, but yield performance is not outstanding that remains to beimproved; WN45has excellent comprehensive performance, which is the most easiest to havethe strong combination; WN49comprehensive performance is good, which the plant traitperformance is good, and the ear is relatively short and thin.(6) The combinations with best comprehensive plant traits and yield traits were WN28×WN25, WN55-1×WN45, WN61×WN45, WN8×WN49, WN17yellow×WN49.2. The heritability analysis results indicated that some traits like ear height, leaf number,leaf orientation value, ear diameter, ear length, number of grains per ear, single spike grainweight, and yield performance were mainly affected by the additive effect, some traits liketassel branch number, tassel length, and hundred grain weight were mainly affected by thenon-additive effect, while other traits like plant height, leaf angle, leaf area, bald tip length,ear row number, seed yield, and hundred grain weight were influenced by additive effect andnon-additive effect.3. The correlation analysis results showed that grain number per row increased with theincrease of plant height, longer ear length usually accompanied more tassel branch number,and more grain number per row was obtained with more leaf number. Leaf area had a greatestinfluence on yield. Large leaf area usually caused longer ear, more grain number, heaviersingle spike grain weight and more yield. So the correlation between plant traits and yieldtraits was mainly as a result of the relationship between plant traits such as plant height, tasselbranch number, leaf number, leaf area and yield traits such as grain number, grain weight,spike length, single panicle village.
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