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Supplementation of Egg and Vitamin A to Improve the Nutritional Status of Boarding Primary and Secondary School Students in Wuxi, Chongqing

Author: CaoJiaoYang
Tutor: LiTingYu
School: Chongqing Medical University
Course: Pediatrics
Keywords: Vitamin A Hemoglobin Physical growth Dietary intake StudentsEgg Supplementation Effects Students
CLC: R153.2
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2013
Downloads: 29
Quote: 0
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Abstract


PART1CURRENT DIETARY INTAKE, HEMOGLOBIN,RETINOL STATUS AND PHYSICAL GROWTH LEVELS OFBOARDING PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTSIN WUXI, CHONGQINGObjective: To find out the dietary intake, hemoglobin, retinol statusand physical growth levels of boarding primary and secondary schoolstudents in Wuxi county and the influencing factors, provide a basis for thenutrition interventions.Subjects and Methods: We randomly selected four boarding schoolsincluding two middle schools and two primary schools by using clustersampling method from60boarding schools in Wuxi county, Chongqing. Atotal of319students aged10-18y were recruited. We conducted Athree-day24-hour dietary survey, and determined the concentration ofhemoglobin, serum retinol and the level of physical growth. Results:1. The students’ dietary structure was unreasonable: theylacked grain, meat, fruits, vegetables, eggs, milk and fish intake. In thenutrients intake, protein, dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C,calcium were all insufficient, and girls’ iron intake was insufficient, theinsufficient intake of vitamin A was most serious followed by dietary fiber,calcium and vitamin C. The percentage of energy protein, fat andcarbohydrate provided were11.8%,18.9%,69.3%respectively of boys,11.6%,19.6%,68.8%respectively of girls.2. The results of bloodbiochemical indexes and physical growth status: the319subjects’ averageconcentration of hemoglobin was (129.97±10.70) g/L, the rate of anemiawas11.3%(36/319); the average concentration of vitamin A was (0.95±0.27) μmol/L, the rate of vitamin A deficiency and the marginal vitaminA deficiency was16.6%(53/319) and49.8%(159/319) respectively; themean height-for-age Z score was-1.34±1.06and growth retardation ratewas25.7%(82/319); the mean BMI Z score was-0.57±0.90and thewasting rate was6.0%(19/319), girls’ wasting rate was significantly higherthan boys (p<0.05).Conclusions: The dietary intake structure of students in Wuxi wasirrational and various nutrients intake was insufficient, the incidences ofanemia, vitamin A deficiency and growth retardation were high, we shouldtake certain nutritional interventions to promote the healthy development ofthe local students. PART2EFFECTS OF EGG AND VITAMIN ASUPPLEMENTATION ON HEMOGLOBIN, RETINOL STATUSAND PHYSICAL GROWTH LEVELS OF BOARDING PRIMARYAND MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN WUXI,CHONGQINGObjective: Lack of protein and vitamin A influences the growth ofstudents in poverty mountain area. The aim of the study was to assess theeffects of egg and vitamin A supplementation on hemoglobin, serum retinoland anthropometric indices of10-18years old students from a lowsocioeconomic status.Subjects and Methods: A total number of201students from fourboarding schools were randomly selected by using cluster sampling methodin Chongqing, and they were assigned into supplement group and controlgroup. Students in supplement group received a single200,000internationalunits vitamin A and1egg/day (including weekend) for6months. Thecontrol group did not receive any supplementation. We measuredhemoglobin, serum retinol and weight and height at baseline and aftersupplementation of follow-up.Results The supplementation increased the mean hemoglobin concentration by7.13g/L compared with1.38g/L in control group (p <0.05),the mean serum retinol concentration by0.31μmol/L compared with0.09μmol/L in control group (p<0.05), the mean height-for-age Z score by0.05compared with0.03in control group (p=0.319), the meanweight-for-age Z score by0.05compared with-0.12in control group(p<0.05).Conclusions: Our results revealed that egg and vitamin Asupplementation is an effective, convenient, and practical method toimprove the levels of hemoglobin, serum retinol and prevent thedeterioration of weight growth for primary and middle school students fromoutlying poverty-stricken areas. Nevertheless, our intervention did not havea beneficial effect on linear growth perhaps because of the short timesupplementation.

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CLC: > Medicine, health > Preventive Medicine,Health > Nutrition, hygiene,food hygiene > Nutrition of all types of people > Children, adolescents nutrition
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