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Environmental and Ecological Evaluation of Application of Chlorpyrifos in Paddy

Author: XiaJinZuo
Tutor: HuangDongLin；LiuXianJin
School: Yangzhou University
Course: Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control
Keywords: Chlorpyrifos Paddy Remain Ecological security
CLC: S435.112
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 116
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Abstract


Chlorpyrifos is of one of the most commonly used insecticides in the rice its evaluation of the safety of agricultural products and rice area of ??agricultural ecological environment security is an important value. Jiangsu Province, the paper for the object using the method of the Indoor determination combined with the conditions of the test, and evaluation studies on the the chlorpyrifos the rice paddies application of environmental and ecological security. 1. Chlorpyrifos paddy field application of the main activity of the target pests and barrel mixed application effect evaluation study of chlorpyrifos monosultap, imidacloprid, pymetrozine Chlorantraniliprole amine and chlorpyrifos and other four kinds of pesticide mixtures to BPH and stem borer indoor virulence and field efficacy. Indoor virulence test results show that the single dose of chlorpyrifos the brown planthopper have a higher activity, chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid, pymetrozine chlorine insects benzamide accordance with the proportion of 3:2,3:1 and 5:1 mixed paired brown planthopper virulence than a single dose, a significant additive or synergistic effect cotoxicity the coefficients were 117.05,178.25,125.63; 5 single dose of stem borer virulence manifested as chlorpyrifos gt; pymetrozine gt; Chlorantraniliprole gt; imidacloprid gt; Monosultap while chlorpyrifos with Monosultap, imidacloprid, pymetrozine Chlorantraniliprole to the amine, respectively, in accordance with 2:3,3:2,3:1 and 5: 1 ratio mixtures, were suppressalis showed some additive effect. Field experiments, chlorpyrifos and pymetrozine Chlorantraniliprole by the proportion of the tank-mix control effect is better than the other mixtures and single agent. 2. The of chlorpyrifos the rice paddies application in important products with environmental objects residues characteristic analysis digestion dynamics and final residues in the plant, rice husk, rice residues of chlorpyrifos in rice plants Wada water. The results show that, the recommended dose of the maximum amount of 2 times the dose spraying time chlorpyrifos residues in rice plants Dynamic Kinetic Formula Ct = 8.1836e-0.1939x, the half-life of 3.57d; residues in rice paddy water samples The dynamic kinetic Formula Ct = 0.7891e-0.1267x, the half-life of 5.47d. 15d spraying before harvest to harvest 1d, low dose chlorpyrifos residues in the rice plant, rice husk, rice respectively 0.522mg/kg 0.584 mg / kg and 0.385 mg / kg, high doses of chlorpyrifos in rice plants , rice husk, rice residues were 0.804mg/kg 0.711 mg / kg, 0.488 mg / kg. Two application rate of chlorpyrifos in rice residues were greater than the maximum residue limits of chlorpyrifos in rice. 3 of chlorpyrifos application of rice area environmental representatives biological evaluation on the safety analysis to investigate the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos on carp and crab and chronic toxic effects and its enrichment in the body, to provide a basis for the evaluation of chlorpyrifos environmental and ecological risk. Reference to China's environmental safety evaluation tests of chemical pesticides Standards evaluation criteria, chlorpyrifos carp and crab are highly toxic. The sublethal effect dose continuous exposure to chlorpyrifos significantly inhibited AChE and CarE activity of carp and crab different organizations. In clean water to restore the feeding activity of varying degrees of recovery. In addition, the carp and crab tissues and organs are detected chlorpyrifos, and its easier to be enriched in the liver and gills. Above findings, it is recommended that the application of chlorpyrifos pesticide recent rice fields, with pymetrozine or chlorine insects benzamide mixed proportionally barrel; appropriate to extend the safety interval of the pesticide on the rice; near farmland or rice water fish farming system should be prudent and reasonable use, in order to avoid harm to non-target aquatic organisms.

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Plant Protection > Pest and Disease Control > Crop pests and diseases and their prevention > Cereal crop pests and diseases > Rice pests and diseases > Insect pest
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