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A Research on Correlation Analysis between Public Finance and Fair Distribution of Income

Author: HaoZuo
Tutor: YangLin
School: Ocean University of China
Course: Finance
Keywords: public finance income distribution economic fairness social fairness
CLC: F124.7
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2013
Downloads: 6
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Abstract

Since the reform and opening up, people’s income generally rose sharply, and the people’s living standard has gone through a qualitative leap, enjoying the benefits of the reform and opening up. At the same time, residents’ income gap has been widening, although the income gap generated by the institutional transition period can not be avoided, we must pay particular attention to the large gap that suppress people to produce negative effects such as enthusiasm, influence the development of economic and social stability. Income distribution is not only an economic issue, but also a political issue. The systematic analysis of the issue can not be avoided. Income distribution is a long-term social problems covering the problem of the relationship between government and the market, the fairness and efficiency of the intertwined social welfare level, and so on, all aspects of analysis of the causes of unequal distribution of income, and to explore the implementation of equitable distribution in the medium to long term revenue path has important theoretical value and practical significance for promoting China’s economic development and social stability.Firstly, the paper elaborates the new qualities on the public finances,equitable income distribution functions and its role in the mechanism of public finances in the three distribution. The Gini coefficient, the Kuznets index, the Engel coefficient is a measure of income distribution gap. Tax adjustment mechanism and the transfer payment system is an important policy tool for public finances to achieve a fair distribution of income.By comparing the Gini coefficient over the years, the income gap between the industry over the years, the income of urban and rural residents difference ratio, regional disparities, urban and rural residents in internal income gap data, describes the status quo of China’s income gap is expanding, the inevitability and induced income gap factor. Inevitability factor resource endowments and historical legacy of the region, the inevitable result of urban and rural policies favoring market economy development; induced factors including possession and get the opportunity injustice led to the "Matthew Effect" of factors of production, tax and social security system is not complete Absence of Government due to monopoly as well as deficiencies in the system caused by rent-seeking and illegal income.Taxes and social security expenditure in view of the redistribution stage is a major force in regulating income distribution gap, therefore, were established in the empirical analysis phase correlation regression model of taxation and income distribution gap with spending on social security and income distribution gap VAR model, by The contrast model conclusions and the gap between theory and combining the current situation, explore the equitable distribution of income and reasonable implementation path.Tax income distribution gap regression analysis showed that the value-added tax, business tax is caused by changes in the Gini coefficient, consumption tax Gini coefficient of correlation, the personal income tax and property tax Gini coefficient is not significant, reason that our current tax structure is irrational, unable to effectively adjust the income gap.Spending on social security and income gap VAR model impulse response analysis, China’s social security expenditures at a low level, the national Gini coefficient is increased with the increase in the level of social security expenditure, and later, with the social security expenditure amount gradually increased trend of widening income gap will gradually slow down, will tend to reduce expenditure levels increased to a certain amount, the income distribution gap.The problem with the causes of the income gap in China, combined with China’s current national conditions, the specific path of the medium-and long-term China to achieve fair distribution of income:the initial distribution phase of public finance emphasis to create a fair market environment for economic; redistribution stage to strengthen the regulation of public finance social equity intensity; Third the allocation stage play of public finances of the social charitable contributions cause-oriented features.The paper presents the initial distribution phase to ensure that the level of human capital, knowledge and skills, the fluidity of the labor factor, to create a starting point for a fair competitive environment, the establishment of the system of wage negotiation bargaining, have frontier participatory budget, in addition to the redistribution of the pilot, and the third guide enterprises times assigned social groups to participate in the distribution of income is the innovation of this paper. The paper intent to make research results in a rich revenue allocation theory and also provide a reference for the government to develop the income distribution policy.

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