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Study on the generation of public expenditure structure

Author: LiuZuo
Tutor: ZhangZhengJun
School: Shaanxi Normal University
Course: National Economics
Keywords: the structure of public expenditure Individual preference Publicexpenditure equilibrium Generation
CLC: F812.45
Type: PhD thesis
Year: 2012
Downloads: 162
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Abstract

Under the circumstances of modern market economy, government expenditure shows the trend that expands increasingly. People have the same expectation on huge number of the public expenditure which comes from the limited national income, and to achieve the expectation that rely much more on the structure of public expenditure. Be different from simple transactions in private market, the structure of public expenditure which as a member of society achieves more needs and welfare of the "ontology" by means of cooperation, and it is also carrying an dual objectives which are economic efficiency and social equity. The American economist Musgrave expresses those as resource allocation and income distribution. In fact, under the scarcity of constrained structure of public expenditure, the efficient expectation of it has already included income distribution, social justice and other "fair commodity" configurations rather than simple economic efficiency. This dual objectives and general resource allocation derived from the cooperative action of people’s individual preference. As all members of society for government cooperation contract expected, an appropriate or effective structure of public expenditure rooted in social member’s individual preference, its effectiveness evaluation subject can only be an individual member of society and, individual identity can be obtained for all members of society in the structure of public expenditure has a maximum desirability. However, the complexity of government action has a difficulty in achieving the individual preferences of the collective choice to reach to an ideal state, because the structure of public expenditure often deviates from the validity in a short time. This dilemma strengthens the decision influence on the collective decision-making process to the validity structure of public expenditure. Therefore, whether in theory or in practice, the validity of structure of public expenditure is mainly depending on the generation process, as it were, the validity of structure of public expenditure depends on its process’effectiveness and acceptability. If there is no generation process of acceptability, a validity structure of public expenditure appeared to be unable to imagine. To the extent that studying the efficient configuration of structure of public expenditure must discuss its intrinsic generalized configuration and generation process, and it is the same important and meaningful to considering the resources allocation of structure of public expenditure into generation process.In view of this, this thesis mainly is to study the formation of structure of public expenditure based on the general market economy background and related theoretical basis, in order to investigate the effective public expenditure structure and optimization, and seek to China’s public expenditure structure effective formation of enlightenment.Along the above ideas, this thesis is focus on discussing the formation of structure of public expenditure. First of all, this thesis has an in-depth understanding in structure of public expenditure. According to systematically discussing structure of public expenditure concept, it makes clearly its economic and technological properties and the distribution of authority property to analyze and recognize the relationship between structure of public expenditure elements and elements. Secondly, the thesis is to explore the logic starting point of structure of public expenditure, that is, individual preference structure and collective preference structure that derived from individual preference, especially the individual preference structure in interpersonal preference. In third, the thesis makes a preliminary research on the formation of structure of public expenditure. Based on the social members’cooperative action and the externality theory, it thinks that in the long term and dynamic, as the collective preferences structure derived from the individual preferences mapping the structure of public expenditure is in essence a dual isomorphic result about allocation structure and cooperation rule structure. Fourth, the thesis makes a further theoretical analysis on equilibrium and balanced implementation about the formation of structure of public expenditure, and carrys it out through domestic and international data. Fifth, the thesis makes a analysis on the main factors and behavior about the formation of structure of public expenditure. It is discussed to the influence of four main factors on the structure of public expenditure from the perspective of supply and demand, and it studies on the formation of individual behavior by using the "game theory" method and its influences, and explores to the efficient generation and optimization of structure of public expenditure from the perspective of structure of public expenditure improvement. Finally, on the analysis of research, this thesis comes to a general conclusion that the countermeasure and policy proposal of validity generation of structure of public expenditure in our country. And it summarizes the research innovation, the lack of the research and further research prospect.Through theoretical research and empirical analysis, this thesis draws to several conclusions as follows:at first, the structure of public expenditure which as the people in a cooperative manner to meet more needs and welfare of the "ontology", its validity is ultimately derived from the individual social cooperative members’preference structure. The validity requires that structure of public expenditure and collective preference structure based on individual preference must be kept one-one correspondence, which is the necessary and sufficient condition to realize the validity of structure of public expenditure. Secondly, as a collective preference structure, the structure of public expenditure is essentially a dual isomorphic result of resource allocation structure and cooperative rule structure. In the long-term and dynamic, the transition of structure of public expenditure embodies requirements of generalized resource configuration includes economic efficiency and equity, and in accordance with the collective cooperation rules or collective decision rules for the structural characteristics. In third, the public expenditure balance is intrinsic logic of structure of public expenditure. It is a kind of generalized equilibrium embedded economic efficiency and fair distribution. When the public resource allocation structure is optimized to the best on efficiency and fair, the public expenditure equilibrium can be achieved. In the short formation of structure of public expenditure, there is no double standard resource allocation but can obtain the suboptimal satisfactory solution.In the long term dynamics, the public expenditure sub-optimal equilibrium is fluctuating around the equilibrium fluctuation theory, and continuously gets to ideal equilibrium through the political process improvement. On the other hand, the realization of generalized equilibrium of public expenditure depends on external procedures and rules, that is dependent on how does the individual preferences change into a collective preference structure; it also depends on how collective preference structure is converted to the structure of public expenditure. In this process, the game among preference indication and collection system, mapping rules and beneficiaries often leads to short-term structure of public expenditure on equilibrium or suboptimal equilibrium "deviation". Fourth, a standard that almost estimate that the government expenditure whether satisfied with the public expenditure balance in the long run is:In a relatively long time, the structure of public expenditure will show decreases or stabilization of maintenance expenditure and fundamental expenditure, it will gradually reduce the growth of expenditure, and gradually increase the human capital development expenditure and properly increase changing path of welfare expenditure as well as maintenance expenditure ratio should be maintained low levels. Fifth, on the micro analysis, the structure of public expenditure is inevitably influenced on two aspects:first, it is influenced by collective preference structure as to the content of the public demand (public consumption structure) which originated from a social member’s individual preference. Second, it is influenced by the government supply characteristics that composed of the politician, representative institutions and administrative bureaucracy system. Structure of public expenditure’s generation process is game process between the demanding main body (public or voters, interest groups) and the supply main body (a legislative body or politician, bureaucrat system) based on double principal-agent relations."Game analysis" shows that "legal financial" and "democratic financial" play an utmost important role in developing the structure of public expenditure. Therefore, in order to improve the "deviation", the basic way is to realize the structure of public expenditure effectively, to ensure the public preference for the fully expressed, to use and guide the interest group behavior correctly, and to perfect democratic financial system.

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CLC: > Economic > Fiscal, monetary > Finance, the state's financial > China's financial > Financial income and expenditure > Expenditure
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