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Research on Fishery Administration of Shandong Coast in the Late Period of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

Author: SuXueLing
Tutor: YangXiuYing
School: Ocean University of China
Course: Historical Geography
Keywords: Late Qing and Republican Shandong coastal Fishery Japan Illegal Fishing
CLC: K29
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 31
Quote: 0
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Abstract

Fishery would have a negligible role in the economic development in fisheries. As a social phenomenon, the fishery has 4000 years of history. The main content of the ancient fishery including the establishment of official and fisheries, limited fishing season and seasons, to limit the catch of fish products specifications promulgated the fisheries management policy and system, the collection of tax and fisheries fisheries tribute. The ancient fisheries management to ensure the needs of the national demand for fish products and Haiphong. In modern times, the Opium War to open the door to China, as long as a hundred years of colonial aggression had a profound impact on China's political and economic development of the fishing industry has also been the impact of colonial rule. Shandong of China's coastal areas, to become the first choice of the invaders, followed countries colonists, impact on the traditional fishery management model, began to modernization forward. Modern fishery management mainly includes: the set of the fishery agencies, the fisheries tax levy, improvement and management of the fishing gear fishing boats, fishery management laws and regulations enacted fisheries relief, aquatic education, fish farming protection. Modern fishery management is more extensive than with ancient fishery management. Yantai Opening of coastal Shandong Qingdao, Weihai Wei since 1861 have been the aggressor usurped fishery development with a strong semi-feudal and semi-colonial nature. Republic of China, Shandong coastal cities have been ruled by the colonists and the National Government, change settings and functions of the fishery agencies affecting the development of fisheries in Shandong. Shandong fishery development since the late Qing period post-1861, has a lot of common characteristics, become the turning point of the fishery from the traditional to the modern development. With the development of the fisheries economy, fishery Shandong continue to make adjustments. Fishery agencies evolution of the most obvious manifestation of the Shandong fishery Modernization. Shandong fishery agencies in the Late Qing Dynasty from the organization and fisheries group developed to the founder of the business and political unity of fishing companies, the functions from fishing, fishing tax levy extended to the improvement of fishing vessels fishing gear, the formulation of fisheries laws and regulations, aquatic education, fisheries relief. After the establishment of the National Government, the establishment of the Bureau of Fisheries in the central administration, part of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, which became the beginning of the establishment of the bureau of fishery in the central. Since then, the provincial and municipal level fishery agencies have sprung up. The Shandong coastal fisheries Aeronautics Administration, Tianjin Air Council the Yantai offices, the Jilu District Fisheries Management Authority After the war Jiaodong District Civil Administration Fisheries Division are set by the Government fishery agencies. This shows that the direction of development during the Republic of China in Shandong fishery agencies forward more standardized. The social environment and the impact of multiple factors, the fishery agencies continue to levy the the fisheries tax and management fishing boats. Fishermen in addition to pay Marshals taxes, but also bear many of the exorbitant taxes and levies, such as fish line exploit, fishing and salt tax, pirate gangs blackmail the onerous taxes to become fishermen heavy burden. In addition, the setting of fisheries police and other agencies did not play guard ocean, they became the tools of exploitation of fishermen affected fisheries economic development. Since the establishment of the National Government, in order to promote the development of the fishing industry, the central and the Shandong provincial government has promulgated a number of fisheries laws and regulations. Industry Propelling have also proposed fishery management planning. Although these fishery regulations and management planning is not all implement, but it has also become a sign of Shandong fishery forward to the modernization. Overall, Shandong fishery towards the process of modernization has made some achievements, but because of the social nature of reason, not many good fishery measures implementing. Illegal Fishing in coastal Shandong behavior to fisheries caused serious loss to Shandong fishery management put forward higher requirements. Shandong coastal fishery content and its impact during the Republic of China in this article to explore. I hope through the study of the subject, to provide a reference for future Shandong fishery construction.

Research on Fishery Administration of Shandong Coast in the Late Period of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

Abstract

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