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Allium ascalonicum L. is of Liliaceae (lily family), or is classified as Alliaceae. There are approximately 500 kinds the family. The cultivation of A. ascalonicum has been a long history in our country, and have formed the numerous local varieties after unceasing spontaneous change or variation and artificial selection. The existing fragrant onion variety classification mainly carries on the simple qualitative comparison based on the outward appearance shape, it is difficult to reflect the shape characteristic of the fragrant onion comprehensively, so, it is necessary as far as possible many character characteristics are carried on system’s classification comprehensively. This article conducts the research to fragrant onion idioplasm resources’ heredity multiplicity in Hunan Province, and the research is advantageous to fragrant onion idioplasm resources collection, the preservation, the appraisal, the innovation and the reasonable use in our province. The molecular mark can reflect idioplasm heredity difference from DNA directly, and is a kind of effective tools studying the plant heredity multiple. The RAPD mark has some merit such as simple, fast and no specificity of plant, and is Widely used on heredity multiplicity and the plant classification research. The research carries on the heredity multiplicity and the sibship analysis to 16 fragrant onion idioplasm from Hunan Province different area Using RAPD member mark, and has conducted the research on further classifies in the fragrant onion planted. The main result is as follows:1. This study used RAPD markers out of 18 primers screened, 16 were onion varieties will be completely separate, polymorphism with a rate of 70.9%, the average primers 6.10 polymorphic bands. Poly-shaped figure from this study can be seen, to a straight line to 0.65, Shandong anti onion and shallot for the first I Wulingyuan categories, other varieties for the first II categories, and then a straight line to 0.81, and further divided into four sub-categories, sub-categories i for anxiang shallot, Shek Mun shallot, shallot, etc. linli 9 varieties, sub-categories ii for Tsu chive, Hongjiang shallot, sub-categories iii of Lengshuijiang chive, Xinhua shallot, sub-class iv bimodal shallot, from the poly-shaped diagram can be seen in Shandong anti onion and shallot Wulingyuan with other types of genetic distance, while not in full accordance with all local varieties by region of origin clustering, which could is due to cross each other of all varieties over the years, so that the relationship between species caused by the complex. 2. Its growth traits of view, there are 16 varieties of individual differences in shallot, from Shandong anti-onion introduced to Huaihua Hongjiang City, domestication of local varieties, whether made of plant height, average plant tiller number, leaf color, spring onions tube diameter, fragrance have shown good growth traits, is our province onion cultivars in a fine varieties; In addition, by the Shanghai chives introduced to Ding District, Changde City, the local varieties of domesticated formed followed by its growth characteristics , the output is also the second, also available as shallot cultivars in our province is a good choice.3. Through fertilization tests showed that fertilization of the 16 onion varieties have good results, the differences between the species and to conduct product tests differences than similarities, so really there are differences among varieties.
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