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Synthesis and Mechanism of PbZrxTi1-xO3 Powders and Nanorods by Hydrothermal Method

Author: LiTao
Tutor: WangWen
School: Harbin Institute of Technology
Course: Materials Science
Keywords: Hydrothermal method PZT powders PZT nanorods Soft template
CLC: TB383.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 72
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Abstract


Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powders were synthesized by hydrothermal method from various starting materials. These starting materials can be a sol, gel, the solution of inorganic slats or the suspension of precursors. On the basis of this method, the CTAB, PVA, and PAA were added into the hydrothermal system, and nanorods were synthesized with the assistance of the organic additives. The effect of different types of starting materials and organic additives on the phase and morphology of the products were investigated by TG-DTA, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques.The results indicated that PZT powders of pure phase could be successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method with the HOC2H4OH - ZrOC12ยท8H2O -Ti(OC4H9)4 - Pb(C2H5COO)2 gel, HOC2H4OCH3 - ZrO(NO3)2 - Ti(C4H9O)4 - Pb(C2H5COO)2 sol or gel, the solution of inorganic slats or the suspension of precursors as the starting materials. r-PZT were synthesized from sol, and t-PZT were synthesized from the gel , the solution of inorganic slats or the suspension of precursors. In the process of hydrothermal synthesis of PZT, the growth of PZT may be in accordance with the dissolve-recrystallization mechanism or in-suti growth mechanism.PZT nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal method with the assistance of organic additives. When CTAB was added into the hydrothermal system, the clustered nanorods growing along the vertical direction will be obtained. And single nanorod would be obtained when PVA was used as the soft template. With the assistance of PVA and PAA, the two types of nanorods can both be obtained. By the analysis of results, we have the conclusion that the growth mechanism of PZT nanorods with assistance of PAA and CTAB are the same. The selective sdsorption of organic moleculers on the surface of PZT crystal resluts in the differences of surface energy of different lattice plane enlarging, and then the PZT crystal will grow along 1-D direction. When PVA was added to the hydrothermal system, the long chains of polymer moleculers form a nanoreacor. Thus the nanoreactor can be used as a soft template to control the morphology of PZT synthesized in it.

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