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Application of Micro-Nano Fibers in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Author: PanWeiPing
Tutor: Lv
School: Harbin Institute of Technology
Course: Condensed Matter Physics
Keywords: solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode-supported pore-former electrospinning paper-fibers
CLC: TM911.4
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 58
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Abstract


Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has attracted increasing attention because of high power conversion efficiency and pollution-free operation. SOFC is the device which can directly convert chemical energy of fuel to electric energy by electrochemical reaction. SOFC is composed of electrolyte、anode and cathode. It is necessary that electrode has the certain porosity to enlarge electrochemical reaction zone and improves the performance of cell, so employment of pore-formers is essential for SOFC.Due to a new upsurge in one-dimensional nanomaterials, people became more interest in electrospinning technique which is a novel method for preparing nanofibers. Electrospinning technique can prepare extra fine fibers which can be used in catalyst, sensor and artificial blood vessel by the strong electric field force. Electrospinning technique play a big role because that it′s craft is simple, the cost is low, and potential employment extensive.We mainly research on micro-nano fibers by electrospinning and paper-fibers as pore-former of SOFC in this dissertation. The Organic fibers by electrospinning via high-temperature processing can be burnout after sintering. If make use of organic fibers as pore-formers in anode of SOFC, linear pores will be formed. Little fibers can form connective pores, which can make inflow of fuel-gas and outflow of production-gas easy and enlarge TPB to accelerate the electrochemical reaction. The conventional pore-former, such as flour and carbon, which can form global and abnormal pores in the anode of SOFC. Only by Extensive employment of conventional pore-formers can form pores which are connected, meanwhile lead to decrease mechanical strength of the anode.Utilize NiO, YSZ and pore-formers to prepare an anode-supported YSZ film cell. YSZ films are deposited on the anode substrates via the slurry spin coating technique, Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 (SDC)–impregnated La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSM) cathodes are prepared on the YSZ films to form single cells.The results indicate that the SDC/PVA, CeO2/PVA, and ZrO2 composite fibers by electrospinning after high temperature process, PVA which is decomposed at ranging from 200℃to 300℃is burnout by XRD, and the ultimate oxide will still be morphology of the fiber. Viscosity of aqueous precursor, solidfy distance, content of nitrate solution and voltage have effect on the quality and appearance of fibers.Organic fibers serve as pore-former for SOFC because of its unique property. PVA fibers are ground to form small stick with a diameter of 50~100μm, which develop linear pores with a diameter of 10μm as pore-former of SOFC. An anode-supported YSZ film cell using the nanofiber pore-former exhibits an open-circuit voltage of 1.11V at 750℃, and maximum power densitiy of 751mW/cm2 at 800℃which is desirable result at intermediate temperature. Here in hydroden and air is used as fuel and oxidant respectively.In order to overcome the adhesion of PVA fibers, the single cell is prepared using directly PVA fibers (YN-S-fiber), and it is compared with the cell which do not add pore-formers to the anode (YN11). The YN11 need more time to reduction than that of YN-S-fiber anode due to its lower porosity.Paper-fibers, as well as fibers by electrospinning, can develop linear pores in the anode as pore-formers for SOFC, and its craft is simple. The pores formed by paper-fibers with a diameter of 10~20μm and length of 50~500μm whose diameter is 10μm. The pore-formers of cells are flour and paper-fibers, respectively, whose content are same. When the content of pore-formers are less, the output performance of cell with paper-fibers as pore-former is better than cell with flour as pore-former because the connected pores can be formed by using a few paper-fibers in the anode. When the content of pore-formers are many, porosity of the anode of paper-fibers as pore-former is great , which lead to decrease the active three-phase boundary area, and paper-fibers form a lot of cross and closed pores in the anode, the output performance of cell using paper-fibers as pore-former is not better than cell using flour as pore-former.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Electrotechnical > Independent power supply technology (direct power) > Chemical power sources,batteries, fuel cells > Fuel cell
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