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Study on the Enzyme Activities and Fertility Change of Soils by a Long-Term Located Utilization of Different Fertilizers

Author: LiuYanLan
Tutor: HaoMingDe
School: Northwest University of Science and Technology
Course: Plant Nutrition
Keywords: Long-term fertilization the activity of soil enzyme soil fertility typical region change
CLC: S158.2
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 98
Quote: 0
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Abstract


Long-term fertilization experiment is the most common method which is used to study the impact of fertilization on soil fertility. This article studied the change of enzyme activity and soil fertility based on three long-term fertilization experiments in the Loess Plateau, in order to reveal the impacts of long-term fertilization on soil fertility and improve the soil fertility under the premise of obtaining high-quality and high-yield. The results are as follows:1 After long-term fertilization, the organic matter content increased compared to the beginning of the experiment. The organic matter content increased significantly in the treatment applying with manure.The organic matter content of dark loessial soil was increased by 11.54%-60.58% compared to 1984. The organic matter content in the combined chemical fertilizer and organic manure treatment of the dark loessial soil was significantly higher than that of in the single chemical fertilizer treatment. Soil organic matter content in the NM treatment increased by 20.75% compared to CK, NPM and PM increased by 16.38% and 11.50% respectively.The organic matter content of the loessial soil in the combined of chemical fertilizer with organic manure treatment was significantly higher than that of in the single chemical fertilizer treatment. In compared with CK, soil organic matter content increased by 34.04% in the NPKM treatment, and increased by 33.30% and 32.66% in the treatment of NPM and NM.Soil organic matter increased by 43.31% and 22.09% in the NM and NPM treatments of the sandy loess, which was higher than that of single chemical fertilizer treatment markedly. 2 After years of fertilization, the nitrogen content was increased.Compared with 1984, total N content of the dark loessial soil increased by 0.88%-91.67%, and the content of the available N increased by 13.41%-102.89%. Compared with CK, total N increased by 41.98% and 39.51% both of NPM and NM in the dark loessial soil, which was markedly higher than that of in the single chemical fertilizer treatment. Available N increased by 78.65% and 71.39% respectively in the NPM and NM treatment.Compared with CK, total N increased by 21.74% and 22.61% in the NPM and NM treatments of the loess soil, which was markedly higher than that of in the single chemical fertilizer treatment. Available N increased by 39.44% and 36.87% in the NPKM and NPM treatments of the loess soil.Compared with 1992, the total N content increased by 5.13%-15.38% of the sandy loess soil. Single manure Application can increased total N of the sandy loess soil, which was markedly higher than that of in the chemical fertilizer treatment. The total N of NM treatment was higher.3 the effect of Longer-term fertilization on soil phosphorus was significantly and the soil total P and available P increased significantly in the application of phosphorus fertilizer treatment.In comparisons with 1984, the total P content increased by 4.55%-37.88% of the dark loessial soil. The available P increased by 0.08-14.53-fold. Total P increased by 33.33% and 30.43% in the NPM and NM treatment respectively, which was markedly higher than that of in the chemical fertilizer treatment. The available P increased by 15.87-fold in the PM treatment, and increased by 13.33-fold in the NPM treatment.In comparison with CK, total P content increased by 27.09% in the NP treatment of the loess soil, and increased by 24.62% and 20% in the treatment of NPKM and NPM respectively, which was markedly higher than that of in other treatments. Available P content increased obviously in the NPKM and NM treatments, which was markedly higher than that of in the single chemical fertilizer treatment.In comparison with 1992, total P increased by 5.085-23.73% of the sandy loess soil, and the available P content increased by 0.9-3.27-fold.4 Soil available K increased obviously under Long-term fertilization experiment. In comparison with 1984, the available K content increased by 0.08-3.36-fold of the dark loessial soil in 2007. Available K increased by 33.87% in the treatment combined with NPK and manure of the loess soil, which was higher than that of in other treatments markedly.5 single P Application can reduce the activity of soil urease. Compared with CK, the dark loessial soil urease activity reduced by 0.5%, the sandy loess soil urease activity reduced by 77.78%, other fertilization treatment increased soil urease activity significantly. soil invertase activity reduced in different soil types under the Single N fertilizer treatment, and were increased in other fertilization treatments.Long-term organic manure application can increase the soil invertase activity significantly. Compared with the CK treatment, soil invertase activity increased by 1.56%-15.63% of the dark loessial soil, increased by 10.13% -30.38% of the loessial soil, and increased by 1.43% -35.71% of the sandy loess soil. Long-term fertilization had little effect on soil catalase activity. The alkaline phosphatase activity in the different fertilization treatments under different types of soil are all increased, the increase was even more evident in the organic fertilizer treatment. After years of fertilization, the activity of soil enzyme was lowering gradually with the deepening of soil depth.6 According to correlation and path analysis, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and soil P were related to alkaline phosphatase, calatase activities; urease activity was inversely related to soil N content, and invertase activity was inversely related to soil P content, so it can be used to estimate the level of soil fertility.

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Agriculture as the foundation of science > Soil > Soil fertility (soil fertility ) > Soil fertility determination
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