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Objective:To discuss characteristic of patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP), evaluate the risk factors of POP patients and determine the relationship between these risk factors and stage of uterine prolapse.Methods:Retrospective study included 274 patients undergoing surgical treatment for POP from January 1995 to November 2010, including age in years, menopause status, gravidity, parity, delivery type (vaginal, caesarean section and forceps), chronic cough, intestinal constipation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of prolapse operation. The patients were divided into two groups: in the Case Group there were 147 patients with uterine prolapse at stage II or III, and in the Control Group, 127 women at stage 0 (no uterine prolapse) or I.Results:1. The peak incidence of prolapse surgery is in individuals age 60–69 years; almost 45.3% of procedures are undertaken in people younger than 60 years. The proportion of post-menopausal women was higher than pre-menopausal women, which was 71.9%. All patients had history of vaginal delivery expect five nulliparous women and 2 cases only had caesarean sections. The distribution of the uterine prolapse stages in the population revealed a bell-shaped curve, with most subjects had stage I or II. Few subjects had either stage 0(no uterine prolapse) or stages III.2. The variables that were different between the groups were: age (≥60 years old), menopause status, gravidity, parity, number of vaginal deliveries, hypertension, intestinal constipation (P<0.05); caesarean section, forceps delivery, chronic cough, history of prolapse operation, diabetes mellitus did not present differences between the groups(P>0.05). After logistic regression, only three variables have been shown to be independent risk factors: age (≥60 years old), number of vaginal deliveries, and intestinal constipation.Conclusions:POP is a common condition in middle aged and elderly women. The etiology of POP is probably multi-factorial. Variables with a statistically significant trend toward increased uterine prolapse stage were advancing age(≥60 years old), increasing number of vaginal births and intestinal constipation, which suggested that control the number of vaginal delivery and treat constipation might significantly reduce the prevalence of this distressing problem.
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