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The Study on the Risk Factors of Chronic Disease and Nutrition Intervention in Tianjin

Author: TianYing
Tutor: JiangGuoHong
School: Tianjin Medical University
Course: Nutrition and Food Hygiene
Keywords: chronic disease risk factor nutrient knowledge drinking smoking exercise diet nurtrion intervention
CLC: R151
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 397
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Abstract

Objective:To master the prevalence and the distributive characteristic of risk factors related to chronic diseases of residents in Tianjin.To understand the prevalence of hypertension,hyperlipemia and diabetes, as well as to analyze their related risk factors. And develop the nutrient intervention for 1 year then evaluate the effect in order to increase the ability of disease prevention and reduce the Prevalence of risk factors related to chronic diseases of residents in Tianjin, to explore the effective intervention strategic, to offer scientific basis for making related politics.Method:Collecting and analyzing the data of 2886 Tianjin residences selected randomly as sample. Combination of questionnaire investigation、physical examination and diet investigation were used to collect data. The descriptive analysis was used to analyze the prevalence and the distributive characteristic of risk factors related to chronic diseases. The influence factor models of hypertension, hyperlipemia and diabetes were explored. We adoptχ2test、t test、factor analysis、multivariate logistic analysis to analyze the data by using SPSS11.5 according to the category of data.Result: The results showed that the people had rather shallow nutrition knowledges, these knowledge can not be the guidance of fact.The prevalence of risk factors related to chronic disease in Tianjin was very high. The smoking rate of Tianjin residents was 31.3%, The drinking rate was 23.4%. The rate of people that take more 30minutes for exercise was only 4.0%.People were lack of vegetable and fruit, however the oil and salt were overmeasure.The percentage of energy from protein、fatty and carbohydrate were over the standard,however,the intake of VA、VB1、VB2、VC、ca、zinc were under the RNI.The residents’overweight rate was30.4%, the obesity rate was 15.5%, and the central obesity rate was 48.6%. The prevalence of hypertension、diabetes and hyperlipemia of Tianjin residents were 40.9%、8.1% and 24.0% respectively.Results from unvaried analysis showed that the following factors were the risk factor of hypertension:age、sal、smoking、drinking、overweight/obesity and central obesity、sleeping time; The protective factors include:the suburb and the coast、 the moderate pressure、the high score of nutrient knowledge. The risk factor of diabetes include:age over 45years-old、high fatty、cereal、salt, central obesity, The protective factors include:high score of nutrient knowledge. The risk factor of hyperlipemia include: age over 60 years-old、drinking、overweight/obesity and central obesity, The protective factors include:suburb、high score of nutrient knowledge、high intake of fiber and vitamin E.The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that the following factors were the risk factor of hypertension:age over 45years-old、salt、smoking、drinking、overweight/obesity and central obesity; The protective factors include: the high score of nutrient knowledge; The risk factor of diabetes include:age over 45years-old、high fatty、cereal、smoking、drinking、overweight/obesity and central obesity、sleeping time. The protective factors include:unmarried、high protein、high score of nutrient knowledge. The risk factor of hyperlipemia include:age over 60years-old、smoking、drinking、overweight/obesity and central obesity, The protective factors include: suburb、high score of nutrient knowledge、high intake of fiber and vitamin E.By developing the nutrient intervention for 1 years, the interventional group people’s nutrient knowledge and the while of exercise were enhanced obviously, while the rate of drinking、smoking were declined. The aspect of diet, the percentage of energy from carbohydrate and the intake of vegetable and fruit were increased obviously, while the intake of salt and atrium were declined.Conclusion:The prevalence of risk factors related to chronic disease in Tianjin is very high. There were many unreasonable aspects in people’s daily life, these play an important way of chronic disease become the problem of public health,age、the high intake of salt、the high percentage of energy from fat、drinking、smoking、overweight /obesity and central obesity were the risk factor of chronic disease. By developing the nutrient intervention for 1 year, the interventional group people’s nutrient knowledge and the behaviors risk factors were gain obvious effect.

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