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Study on the Climatic Changes and Runoff Characteristics in the (?)r(?)mqi River Basin, Tianshan Mountainous, China

Author: JinShuang
Tutor: ZhangMingJun
School: Northwest Normal University
Course: Physical Geography
Keywords: Urumqi River Basin Average temperature The average precipitation Runoff Trends Daxigou Weather Stations
CLC: P333.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 162
Quote: 0
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Abstract


In the context of global warming, climate and changes in runoff in the river basins of the arid region of great significance. Urumqi River Basin 9 meteorological and hydrological observation stations for temperature, precipitation and runoff data, calculate the average temperature of the Urumqi River Basin and the average precipitation, combined with watershed observational data from the the Heyuan area to downstream hydro-meteorological site from the entire basin, The point of view of a single site, inter-annual, year, season basin climate and runoff characteristics and their mutual relations, and analyzes the impact of climate change and human activities on runoff. After an initial investigation the following conclusions: (1) the past 49 years the average annual temperature and precipitation of the Urumqi River Basin showed an upward trend. Annual temperature change tendency rate of 0.22 ° C / 10, the basin average precipitation increase to 24.9 mm/10a trends. Since the mid-1990s, the average annual temperature compared with the average 37 years ago, the annual average temperature increase of 0.9 ° C warming significantly. 1990s precipitation above normal ,1959-1990 basin average rainfall of 334.1 mm ,1991-2007 Basin average annual rainfall of 409.2 mm, an increase of 75.1 mm, precipitation increased significantly. (2) annual temperature showed an upward trend in the spring, autumn and winter. Autumn, winter and spring warming winter temperatures upward trend. Basin Seasonal precipitation showed an increasing trend, summer and winter precipitation increasing trend is obvious, but the autumn rainfall is less than normal. (3) basin average temperature and precipitation changes are consistent with the the East Tianshan average temperature and precipitation trends. The rate of change of temperature is lower than the East Tianshan temperature rate of change, changes in precipitation rate is higher than the East Tianshan precipitation rate of change. But the overall uptrend. (4) In addition to the the Urumqi weather station annual average temperature mutation appeared in the mid-1980s, the basin average precipitation and temperature, headwater areas of annual precipitation and annual temperature and precipitation in Urumqi years mutation appeared after 1990. Warm Period match into the basin in the 1990s. Watershed temperature and precipitation are in the range of small-scale the shock trend, showing about 11 years related to sunspot activity. (5) the Urumqi River trails flow from the early 90s annual runoff increased significantly, which has an important relationship with significantly increased temperature and precipitation increased significantly since the 1990s. (6) the Urumqi River Trail flow shock cycle and rainfall shocks basic cycle has been runoff by the strong effect of precipitation. (7) Bridge Station in Yamaguchi hero runoff and annual precipitation correlation coefficient is better. Note the total amount of the high mountain of annual runoff subject to annual precipitation. (8) the impact of human activities on the Urumqi River Basin has become more apparent, the need to take effective protection measures, sustainable use of the Urumqi River water resources.

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CLC: > Astronomy,Earth Sciences > Geophysics > Hydrological Sciences (water sector physics) > Hydrological analysis and calculation > Water balance
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