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Migration and Influence on Surface Environment While Exploiting and Utilizing Phosphate Rock in Tuojiang Valley

Author: ZhengMeiYang
Tutor: ZhangChengJiang
School: Chengdu University of Technology
Course: Radiation protection and environmental protection
Keywords: Phosphate rock Development and utilization Radionuclides Migrate Tuojiang River
CLC: X591
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 72
Quote: 2
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Abstract


Phosphate rock due to the presence of higher radionuclide, its the radioactive environmental problems in the process of development and utilization of much concern. In this thesis selected the Tuojiang River four typical phosphate rock processing enterprises for the study, to explore the different radionuclide content and distribution of the product in the phosphate process, to identify the whereabouts of radionuclide transfer in this process; major river systems of the Tuojiang River sampling survey to study the impact of the of phosphate development and utilization process surrounding surface environment; Finally, summed up the migration path of radionuclides in the environment. Through research, the following main conclusions: 1) of wet phosphate fertilizer production process of radionuclides in the phosphate rock phosphate fertilizer byproduct white fat slag of phosphogypsum, and liquid waste were transferred. Uranium allocated mainly white fat and extract more; thorium mainly transferred to white fat and produce enrichment, followed by transfer to the phosphogypsum the little extract thorium allocation. 2) the different processes and different raw materials have a significant impact on the extent of the distribution of radionuclides in the phosphate fertilizer processing. Different phosphate fertilizer plant to produce ammonium phosphate and white fat uranium and thorium content is different, but the white fat are high levels of uranium and thorium; radionuclide content in phosphate rock obviously much higher, they often cause the radionuclide content in phosphate fertilizer is relatively high, it should be low radionuclide content of phosphate rock to produce. The factors that affect the migration of uranium and thorium in the phosphate fertilizer processing many, such as the type of phosphate rock and pulverized the extent, type of acid, processing, etc. will affect the distribution of radionuclides in phosphorus products. 3) processing of phosphorus Th / U ratio of the substances are not the same, the ratio is between 0.001 to 0.76, the broader, in the transformation process of phosphate to phosphate fertilizer and chemical behavior of U, Th quite different. 4) phosphate mining and fertilizer process have contributed to improvement of the radionuclide content in the surface environment. In Tuojiang river basin water uranium content, stream sediment and soil thorium content is high, the main reason is the watershed of phosphate mining and processing industry developed. At the confluence of three rivers, the more to the downstream, diminishing the radionuclide content in the surface environment, the main reason is that the convergence basin almost no phosphorus processing enterprise distribution and water self-purification function. 5) surface water uranium content was significantly higher than that of thorium, thorium content in the water is almost zero, but the stream sediment and soil thorium content was significantly higher than that of uranium, the uranium content of about 2ug / g, the water solubility of the thorium poor sediment with water migration, chemically stable, easy-sedimentary enrichment in the solid phase, and also reflects the water solubility of the uranium and easy to migrate over water, chemically active, but also due to the adsorption of water system and soil containing a small amount of uranium. 6) of phosphate rock in the process of development and utilization of radionuclide migration pathways in the environment mainly: phosphorite → water (waste) → soil; phosphorite → phosphate fertilizer → soil → crops; rock phosphate slag → → water → soil; phosphorus mine → feed supplements → livestock. Migration of radionuclides in the phosphate fertilizer processing whereabouts for the first time to do a complete comb and found that the factors that affect the process of radionuclide migration. Secondly, a comprehensive survey of the radionuclide content in the surface environment along the major river systems of the Tuojiang River, the research results can provide a reference for the local environmental protection department. And the basis of this thesis, the practical protection measures, such as reasonable disposal of waste, and properly handle liquid waste, improving processing technology, strengthen supervision in order to minimize the surface environment caused by radioactive phosphorite development and utilization process impact.

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CLC: > Environmental science, safety science > Environmental pollution and its prevention > Pollution and its control of radioactive material
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