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Radio Frequency Identification is a high-tech for automatic identification by radio frequencytechnology. It has the advantage of fast speed, high precision, strong anti-interference ability andwide range of applications. Especially, RFID has a broader development in UHF fields.By using Microcontroller, Most of the functionality of the RFID reader comes true. Comparingwith FPGA, microcontroller system has a low speed, and can’t identify tags rapidly, which greatlylimits the application of RFID systems. PIE encoding and FM0 decoding is success with the VHDLhardware language. With the extensive application of RFID technology, security problem hasincreasingly become an important factor hindering the development of RFID technology. With thelow-cost requirements of tags, this paper proposes a security agreement based on hash function.By studying the type and significance of the baseband signal and researching encoding anddecoding rules of PIE code, FM0 code and the Manchester code, the encoding and decoding ofbaseband signal is described by VHDL. By learning the types of security threats and analyzing avariety of security protocols, especially the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of theOSK, LCL, and GA security protocol, a security algorithm is proposed based on the hash function.By compiling, synthesizing, routing, and simulating on Quartus II, simulation results show thatthe encoding and decoding by hardware language fully meet the standard requirements. At the sametime, by analyzing the security algorithm, using BAN logical analysis, it has a great advantage onensuring the system security and user’s privacy, compared with existing algorithms.
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