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In 1927, after the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, the progressive realization of the unity of the country, the country's overall situation improved. However, in the 1929 - 1933 world economic crisis and the role of various factors in rural areas as a whole showed a fading scene. North China - Henan, Hebei, Shandong rural areas there has been fewer people and more, the problem of shortage of arable land per capita, most farmers rely on subsistence agricultural production difficult. Period of Nanjing National Government, the situation remains the same. During this period, North China's arable land area in general not a big change. Still backward agricultural production tools, the farmers farm animals lack, worsening conditions for agricultural production such as irrigation facilities, agricultural production stagnated. But shows a growing trend in this period farmers bear a variety of taxes, including the salt tax, land tax, positive the attached tax as well as a variety of other taxes. Coupled with the world economic crisis and the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, eroded the influence of the North China, the deterioration of the living conditions of the farmers in North China, livelihood difficulties. The body of the paper is divided into three parts: the first part: during the Nanjing National Government agricultural production profile. North China many people, lack of arable land per capita, the period of the Nationalist government in Nanjing, little change in the total area of ??arable land, basic agricultural production to maintain the original state. Prices in this period of rapid change, a greater impact on agricultural production. Part II: the production and living conditions of the farmers. During the Nanjing National Government, the agricultural production tools are still lagging behind, no development, and a large part of farmers have lack of farm implements, farm animals lack the little agricultural irrigation facilities development, and a worsening trend. The decline in agricultural and sideline production as another source of income of the farmers in this period. Peasant clothing, food, shelter, line, marital status is not optimistic. Part III: the impact of taxes on farmers' livelihoods. Farmers bear the salt tax, land tax, plus tax, surcharges and other duties during this period, increasing the tax burden on the farmers increasingly heavier, seriously affecting the production and life of farmers. The livelihood of farmers issue is not only related to the rise and fall of the countryside, is also associated with the rise and fall of the country as a whole. Today, we should learn from the experience and lessons learned from this period of history, highly concerned about the livelihood of farmers, to solve the problem of farmers' livelihoods, and vigorously promote the new rural construction.
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