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Geographic information system (Geographic Information System, GIS) based on the acquisition, storage, management, display and analysis of the surface of the Earth and Space, the geographical distribution of the data integrated computer information system, an analytical and process massive spatial data technology. GIS since first proposed in the 1960s, with the advantage of fast processing and strategizing has become an important technology tool developed by the national macro decision-making and regional multi-objective, resource management, planning and design, disaster monitoring, health care, defense and has a wide range of applications in the military. Recently, the development and application of geographic information systems has caused widespread concern in the community. Therefore, by studying the history of the development of geographic information systems, to deepen understanding of the geographic information system meaning, function and application, to grasp the development trend of great significance. From GIS-generated background, the course of development, technological innovation and application of GIS history of the development of a full range of research. Summarizes the development of the internal and external driving force in GIS: theoretical development, application requirements and technical support on GIS in foreign countries from the 1960s, the pioneering, 70 years of development, the promotion and application in the 1980s and 1990s socialization stages of development, and domestic self ready from 1978 to 1980, the start of 1980 to 1985, 1985 to 1995, 1996 to the present industrial four stages of development and comparative analysis found that China's GIS started late, but rapid development, the current domestic The GIS industry has formed a certain scale. Full understanding of the development at home and abroad, and awareness of the existence of the problem, personnel issues, data quality, security issues, and network construction are not synchronized, and many other problems to think about the history of the development of GIS Contact the continuous advancement of the science and technology of computer, networking and other, focus on different eras Technology the development of the role of GIS development, combined with the development hotspot of GIS object-oriented research, time and space systems, geographic information modeling system and the three-dimensional geographic information system research, ultimately for the GIS network, standardization, data commercialized specialized enterprise, globalization, popular, structural components and systems of integrated development direction to make rational judgments. This paper consists of six chapters constitute. The first chapter part for the significance of the research, the research status at home and abroad, research content described. The second chapter focuses on the basic concepts of GIS, the characteristics of system structure, key technology and examples of applications. The third chapter focuses on the analysis from both internal and external aspects of the driving force in the development of the GIS. Chapter IV summarizes the stage of development of the geographic information system at home and abroad and development at home and abroad to make a comparative analysis. The fifth chapter through the study of the history of GIS development, summarized the main problems in the development of GIS and rational analysis and judgments made in respect of the future development trend. Chapter 6 Conclusions section made a summary of the main results of this paper. Through this research, the development of GIS will be more tend to be more high-dimensional network, intelligence and integration. GIS in public life will become more prominent.
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