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Change the Role and Mechanism of Macrophages Biological Functions in Atherosclerosis Regulated by Shear Stress

Author: ShengShangChun
Tutor: WangGuiXue
School: Chongqing University
Course: Bioinformatics
Keywords: Atherosclerosis Macrophages Shear stress
CLC: R543.5
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 59
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Abstract


Atherosclerosis (AS) is the most important and common style of disease in arteriosclerosis. It is a pathological change which occurs in the large and medium arteries, which is characterized by the lipid and blood deposition on the membrane of arteries. It is a chronic pathological process with varying degrees of necrosis and calcification, and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis includes the movement of mononuclear cells to the intima and the formation of foam cells and the plaque. Generally, the pathological changes of atherosclerosis can be divided into four steps which named fatty streak, fibrous plaques, atheromatous plaque and secondary change. It is a threat to the human health and lives.Current studies have demonstrated that the blood flow dynamics plays an important role in the generation of atherosclerosis. The occurrence and development can be significantly impacted by the vascular shear stress. Therefore, it is always a research focus. In addition to a large number of liposomes and cholesterol crystallization, we also found many foam cells which formated by the lymphocytea sn macrophages via immunohistochemical analysis of AS plaque. Recent studies have shown that both monocyte-derived macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cell-derived macrophages play an important role in the formation and progression of atherosclerotic plaque, and the foam cell is a symbol of atherosclerosis. However, it is not clear whether the foam cells protect or accelerate the development of atherosclerosis. Research on the ability of lipid modification and phagocytosis of macrophages in the atherosclerosis has a strong therapeutic implications in the clinical control of atherosclerosis disease.We utilized different size of shear stress (0, 10, 15, 30dyn/cm2) acting on the macrophages and level of NO and IL-6 in vitro, we also measure the level of CDC36 by flow cytometer. We found that the level of CDC36 increased as the existence of 20mg/ml ox-LDL.In vivo, we analyzed the change of blood flow dynamics via the stenosis animal model and analyzed the tissue by staining. Our staining results showed that both the fact and macrophages content are less in proximal end than those in distal end.We have got a similar result both in vivo and in vitro, namely: The low shear stress increases some surface receptors of macrophages such as the scavenger receptor CD36. We believe that the increase of receptors may promote the increase in absorbability of lipid in macrophage and disturb the circulation and flow of cholesterol, resulting in the shift of macrophages to the foam cells and thus speeds up the process of Atherosclerosis

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CLC: > Medicine, health > Internal Medicine > Heart, blood vessels ( circulatory ) disease > Vascular disease > Artery disease
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